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Cardio Block > Cardiac Buzzwords > Flashcards

Cardiac Buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

Mesothelial cells

A

Epicardium…along with CT and adipose tissue

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2
Q

Staph aureus

A

Pus filled abcesses

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3
Q

Urinary tract Infections

A

Staph saprophyticus

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4
Q

Staph epidermis

A

indwellingmedical devides

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5
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Lowers Heart Rate

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6
Q

Increase in heart rate does what to contractility

A

increases it

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7
Q

Vagus nerve

A

parasympathetic innvervation of the heart…AV node

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8
Q

Transmural infarction

A

full thickening of the heart wall. Often associated with occlusive thrombosis superimposed on an atherosclerotic plaque. Typically disruption of an unstable or vulnerable by ulceration or rupture

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9
Q

Occlusive thrombosis superimposed on an atherosclerotic plaque leads to

A

Transmural infarction

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10
Q

Hypereosinophilia, loss of striation, nuclear changes

A

Coagulation necrosis…Major characteristic of unreperfused MI

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11
Q

Reperfusion injury

A

Hemorrhage and other injurious phenomena associated with bringing oxygen and calcium to injured tissue, attributed to reactive oxygen species and metabolic effects of calcium

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12
Q

Prehypertension

A

120-139 systolic, 80-89 diastolic

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13
Q

Hypertension stage 1

A

140-159, 90-99

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14
Q

Hypertension stage 2

A

over 160, over 100 Both in the triple digits, you’re at stage 2

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15
Q

Up 19 for systolic (start at 120) up 9 for diastolic (start at 80)

A

rules for htn

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16
Q

BPH relief

A

Alpha one adrenergic blockers (Osins)

Terazosin and Doxazosin

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17
Q

HIgh renin pts HTN treatment

A

Beta Blocker

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18
Q

Bradykinin causes

A

vasodilation and with ACEi’s DRY COUGH

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19
Q

When ACEi cause dry cough, use

A

ARBs

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20
Q

-osin

A

Alpha blocker

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21
Q

-olol

A

Beta blocker

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22
Q

-pril

A

ACEi

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23
Q

-ine

A

ARB

24
Q

Propanolol

A

Non-specific beta blocker

25
Q

P, Cart, P, P, T

A

Non specific beta blockers…propanolol, carteolol, penbutolol, pindolol, Timolol

26
Q

HR greater than 100

A

sinus tachycardia as long as its a normal arrhythmia

27
Q

HR less than 60

A

Bradycardia

28
Q

Slow conducting tissues, AV and SA node, depolarization is …… dependent

A

Calcium

29
Q

Fast conducting tissues, Atrial and Ventricular cells, depolarization is ……. dependent

A

Sodium

30
Q

MTP deficiency

A

abetalipoproteinemia….no chylomicrons, ldl, vldl, etc… because mtp packs these things

31
Q

LPL deficiency

A

Hypertriglyceridemia

32
Q

LPL does what

A

removes triglycerides from CM and VLDL

33
Q

Eruptive xanthoma at birth

A

Hypertriglyceridemia….b/c xanthomas are a sign of high LDL

34
Q

Familial combined hyperlipidemia

A

Overproduction of Apo B which leads to an overproduction of VLDL particles that cause endothelial damage. Increased risk for CVD

35
Q

Dysbetalipoproteinemia

A

Apo E mutation. Normally ApoE allows IDL and CM to be taken up by the liver.Extreme CVD risk and orange tonsils

36
Q

familial hypercholesterolemia

A

LDL receptor deficiency, no fat cleared from system. high LDL in heterozygotes, homozygotes will have first MI by age 5

37
Q

Familial hypo ApoA1

A

HDL less than 5

38
Q

Complete loss of LCAT

A

leads to anemia, renal disease, cataracts,

39
Q

LCAT deficiency

A

low hdl-C and high triglycerides

40
Q

Specifically, what is the mechanism of signaling for the alpha one receptor

A

Forms IP3 and DAG, leads to a rise in intracellular calcium

41
Q

Specifically, what is the mechanism of the alpha 2 receptor?

A

Inhibits adenylyl cyclase, lowers cAMP concentrations

42
Q

What is the mechanism of the Beta 1 recptor

A

Upregulates adenylyl cyclase

43
Q

Mechanism of the beta 2 receptor

A

stimulates adenylyl cyclase

44
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Lowers pulse rate but increases blood pressure by increasing TPR

45
Q

Epinephrine

A

Raises pulse rate but BP stays about the same b/c TPR goes down

46
Q

Isoproterenol

A

Raises pulse rate but lowers blood pressure b/c TPR goes down so low

47
Q

Prostaglandins vasoconstrict or dilate

A

Vasodialate

48
Q

Endothelins, Kinins, NO

A

vasodilators

49
Q

-Tan

A

ARBs

50
Q

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nerves has the greatest effect on action potentials where?

A

AV node. It does not have an effect on most Action potentials driven by fast sodium channels (atrial, ventricle fibers)

51
Q

Parasympathetic innervation originates from where

A

The Medulla Oblongata

52
Q

right vagus goes to SA left vagus goes to AV

A

true

53
Q

Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum is based on:

A

Speed and volume of calcium influx during the action potential. The greater the speed and volume of the calcium influx during action potential, the greater the amount released from the SR.. this is calcium induced calcium release

54
Q

WHats the difference between the third and first heart sounds

A

The third heart sound is generated by blood in the ventricles during ventricular filling. In the first heart sound, the AV valves are already closed

55
Q

Fourth heart sound

A

Atrial contraction

Cardio Block (42 decks)

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