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Rad > Cardiac > Flashcards

Cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

What is the echogenic focus in the left ventricle?

A

calcified papillary muscle

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2
Q

What does the two chamber view display?

A

LV LA

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3
Q

What is seen on the three chamber view?

A

LVOT

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4
Q

Supra valvular aortic stenosis-

A

Williams syndrome

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5
Q

Bicuspid aortic valve+ coarctation=

A

Turners

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6
Q

What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?

A

rheumatic heart disease

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7
Q

What are the two most common causes of acute mitral regurgitation?

A

endocarditis, papillary muscle rupture

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8
Q

Supravalvular pulmonic stenosis=

A

Williams syndrome

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9
Q

Valvular pulmonary stenosis is see in what disease?

A

Noonan syndrome

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10
Q

Peripheral pulmonary stenosis is seen in hat syndrome?

A

Alagille

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11
Q

Sub valvular pulmonary stenosis is seen with what congenital heart disease?

A

TOF

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12
Q

What is the most common situation for pulmonary regurgitation?

A

post op TOF repair

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13
Q

What is the most common cause of TR?

A

pulmonary arterial hypertension

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14
Q

What is Ebstein anomaly?

A

tricuspid valve is hypoplastic-> RA enlargement, atrialized RV, tricuspid regurg

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15
Q

box shaped heart=

A

Ebstein

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16
Q

Tricuspid atresia is associated with what?

A

asplenia

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17
Q

Right aortic arch w/ left subclavian originating anteriorly=

A

mirror image

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18
Q

Right arch with mirror branching a/w what most commonly?

A

TOF

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19
Q

Right arch with mirror branching a/w what most closely?

A

truncus

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20
Q

egg on a string=

A

transposition

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21
Q

Snow man=

A

supracardiac TAPVR

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22
Q

boot shaped-

A

TOF

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23
Q

box shaped=

A

ebstein

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24
Q

thumb defects + ASD=

A

holt oram

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25
ostim primum ASD seen in
Downs
26
Sinus venosus ASD seen with
PAPVR
27
unroofed coronary sinus has strong association with what?
persistent left SVC
28
Type III TAPVR=
infracardiac, pulmonary edema
29
Which TAPVR type gives snowman appearance?
type 1 supracardiac
30
What is the most common cause of cyanosis during the first 24 hours?
transposition
31
What procedure results in PA being draped over aorta
D transposition, le compte manuever
32
What is truncus associated with?
digeorge/ catch 22
33
Coarctation is strongly associated with what?
Turners
34
What common associated defect is seen with coarc?
bicuspid aortic valve
35
Hypoplastic left heart is commonly associated with what?
coarc and endocardial fibroelastosis
36
What is cor tratriatum sinistrum?
pulmonary vein draining into left atrium
37
What med is used for wall motion?
dobutamine
38
What med is used for perfusion?
adenosine
39
Timing of dressler syndrome post MI?
4-6 weeks
40
Timing of papillary muscle rupture post MI?
2-7 days
41
Timing of ventricular pseudoaneurysm post MI?
3-7 days
42
Timing of ventricular aneurysm post MI?
months
43
Timing of myocardial rupture post MI?
within 3 days
44
Difficult to null myocardium=
amyloid
45
biventricular thrombus-
eosinophilic cardiomyopathy/loeffler
46
septal bounce =
constrictive pericarditis
47
sigmoidization on SSFP=
constrictive pericarditis
48
subendocardial enhancement-
infarct
49
transmural enhancement=
infarct
50
Circumferential subendocardial enhancement=
amyloid
51
Midwall patchy enhancement=
HCM
52
Midwall septal enhancement= 2
myocarditis, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
53
midwall lateral enhancement = 2
myocarditis, sarcoidosis
54
epicardial enhancement 2
myocarditis, sarcoidosis
55
kid with dilated heart and midwall enhancement=
muscular dystrophy
56
what is the ratio in noncompaction?
non compacted end diastolic myocardium to compacted of more than 2.3:1
57
What is the most common met to the heart?
lung cancer
58
What is the most primary malignant cardiac tumor in adults?
angiosarcoma
59
cardiac tumor with sunray appearance=
angiosarcoma
60
What is the most common primary cardiac tumor in adults?
left atrial myxoma
61
What two syndromes is myxoma associated with
carney complex, MEN
62
Where is a myxoma most commonly?
left atrium
63
What is the most common fetal cardiac tumor?
rhabdomyoma
64
Where are rhabdomyomas most commonly located?
left ventricle
65
What syndrome are rhabdomyomas associated with?
TS
66
What is the 2nd most common childhood cardiac tumor?
fibroma
67
Where are cardiac fibromas commonly located?
IV septum
68
What tumor involves the cardiac valves?
fibroelastoma
69
What is the sequence of surgeries for hypoplastic left heart?
Norwood (near birth) Glenn (3-6 months) Fontan (1.5-5years)
70
What is the norwood procedure?
for hypoplastic left heart enlarge aorta, ASD and put in BT shunt between right PA and SC artery
71
What is the sano procedure?
same as norwood but conduit used instead of BT shunt
72
What is the Classic Glenn?
shunt between SVC and RPA (end to end) proximal PA sewn shunt
73
What is a bi directional Glenn?
shunt between SVC and right PA (end to side). RPA left open
74
Fontan?
classic glen with ASD closure, shunt between RA to left PA
75
What procedure results in plastic bronchitis?
fontan
76
BT shunt?
between subclavian artery and pulmonary artery on OPPOSITE side of arch
77
Modified BT shunt
SAME side as arch
78
What are the two atrial switch procedures?
Senna and Mustard
79
Rastelli operation
connects VSD to aorta
80
Ross Procedure?
replaces aortic valve with own pulmonary valve and pulmonary with graft
81
Bentall procedure?
graft replacement of aortic valve, aortic root and ascending aorta
82
Typical inversion time of cardiac MRI?
175-250ms
83
When to image contrast?
10-30 mins

Rad (18 decks)

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