Cardiac

Question 1

What is the normal total cholesterol level?

Answer 1

Total Cholesterol <200

Question 2

What is the normal VLDL level?

Answer 2

VLDL <150

Question 3

What is the normal LDL level?

Answer 3

LDL <100

Question 4

What is the normal HDL level?

Answer 4

HDL >40

Question 5

What is the normal triglyceride level?

Answer 5

Triglycerides <150

Question 6

What is the LDL goal for patients with DM?

Answer 6

<70

Question 7

What grade would a barely audible murmur be classified as?


Answer 7

I — barely audible

Question 8

What grade would an audible but faint murmur be classified as?

Answer 8

II — audible but faint

Question 9

What grade would a moderately loud, easily heard murmur be classified as?

Answer 9

III — moderately loud, easily heard

Question 10

What grade would a loud murmur associated with a thrill be classified as?

Answer 10

IV — loud, associated with a thrill

Question 11

What grade would a very loud murmur be classified as?

Answer 11

V — very loud

Question 12

What grade would the loudest murmur be classified as?

Answer 12

VI — loudest

Question 13

What is a normal INR level?


Answer 13

0.8-1.2

Question 14

What is a therapeutic INR level?

Answer 14

2-3

Question 15

What is a normal APTT level?

Answer 15

70-120

Question 16

What is a therapeutic APTT level?

Answer 16

1.5-2.5 x normal

Question 17

What is a normal PT level?


Answer 17

28-38

Question 18

What is a therapeutic PT level?

Answer 18

1.5-2.5 x normal

Question 19

What is a normal PTT level?

Answer 19

60-90

Question 20

What is a therapeutic PTT level?

Answer 20

1.5-2.5 x normal

Question 21

What are contraindications to fibrinolytic therapy?

Answer 21

History of ICH
Structural cerebral vascular lesion (AVM, aneurism) or malignant intracranial neoplasm
Recent ischemic CVA (3 months)
Recent significant head or facial trauma (3 months)
Recent intracranial or intraspinal surgery (2 months)
Active bleeding or risk of bleeding (abnormal coags)
Blood pressure >185/110
Blood glucose <50

Question 22

What is the inotrope of choice for patients in acute pulmonary edema with low cardiac index and SBP <100?

Answer 22

Dopamine

Question 23

What is the inotrope of choice for patients in acute pulmonary edema with low cardiac index and SBP >100?

Answer 23

Dobutamine

Question 24

How should drugs be adjusted in the management of hypertension?

Answer 24

After one month, the dose of the initial agent should be increased then after another month, a second agent should be added

Question 25

What is used in the treatment of vasospastic/variant (prinzmetals) angina

Answer 25

CCBs

Question 26

What is the strategy for reducing fat intake for heart disease?

Answer 26

decrease the amount of saturated fats then unsaturated fats

Question 27

Which troponin is cardioselective?

Answer 27

Troponin I (think MI)

Question 28

How does protein S deficiency affect coagulability?

Answer 28

Protein S causes a prothrombotic state leading to increased incidence of VTE

Question 29

What condition is more likely in a patient with May Thurners syndrome?

Answer 29

ileofemoral DVT

Question 30

What is the goal door-to-needle time for STEMI?

Answer 30

30 min

Question 31

What is the goal door-to-balloon time for STEMI?

Answer 31

90 minutes

Question 32

Which position should the patient be placed in for venous air embolism?

Answer 32

Left lateral decubitis and trendelenberg

Question 33

What are indications for thrombolytic for MI?

Answer 33

Uncontrolled CP >30 min and <6 hours PLUS ST elevation >0.1 in two or more contiguous leads.

Question 34

What is the treatment for pericarditis?

Answer 34

NSAIDS, echo, monitor for tamponade

Question 35

What are the components and scores of CHADVASC?

Answer 35

Age 65-74 +1 Age ≥75 +2 Female Sex +1 HTN hx +1 DM +1 CAD/PAD/aortic atherosclerosis +1 CHF hx +1 TIA/CVA/VTE hx +2

Question 36

Should a 75-year-old female patient with a history of HTN be anticoagulated for Afib?

Answer 36

Yes, with warfarin or a DOAC. This patient scores +2 for age 75, +1 female sex, +1 for HTN hx = 4 CHADVASC score Anticoagulation is indicated for men with a score ≥2 and women with a score ≥3.