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AGACNP Cert > Cardiac > Flashcards

Cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal total cholesterol level?

A

Total Cholesterol <200

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2
Q

What is the normal VLDL level?

A

VLDL <150

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3
Q

What is the normal LDL level?

A

LDL <100

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4
Q

What is the normal HDL level?

A

HDL >40

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5
Q

What is the normal triglyceride level?

A

Triglycerides <150

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6
Q

What is the LDL goal for patients with DM?

A

<70

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7
Q

What grade would a barely audible murmur be classified as?


A

I — barely audible

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8
Q

What grade would an audible but faint murmur be classified as?

A

II — audible but faint

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9
Q

What grade would a moderately loud, easily heard murmur be classified as?

A

III — moderately loud, easily heard

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10
Q

What grade would a loud murmur associated with a thrill be classified as?

A

IV — loud, associated with a thrill

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11
Q

What grade would a very loud murmur be classified as?

A

V — very loud

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12
Q

What grade would the loudest murmur be classified as?

A

VI — loudest

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13
Q

What is a normal INR level?


A

0.8-1.2

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14
Q

What is a therapeutic INR level?

A

2-3

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15
Q

What is a normal APTT level?

A

70-120

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16
Q

What is a therapeutic APTT level?

A

1.5-2.5 x normal

17
Q

What is a normal PT level?


A

28-38

18
Q

What is a therapeutic PT level?

A

1.5-2.5 x normal

19
Q

What is a normal PTT level?

A

60-90

20
Q

What is a therapeutic PTT level?

A

1.5-2.5 x normal

21
Q

What are contraindications to fibrinolytic therapy?

A

History of ICH
Structural cerebral vascular lesion (AVM, aneurism) or malignant intracranial neoplasm
Recent ischemic CVA (3 months)
Recent significant head or facial trauma (3 months)
Recent intracranial or intraspinal surgery (2 months)
Active bleeding or risk of bleeding (abnormal coags)
Blood pressure >185/110
Blood glucose <50

22
Q

What is the inotrope of choice for patients in acute pulmonary edema with low cardiac index and SBP <100?

A

Dopamine

23
Q

What is the inotrope of choice for patients in acute pulmonary edema with low cardiac index and SBP >100?

A

Dobutamine

24
Q

How should drugs be adjusted in the management of hypertension?

A

After one month, the dose of the initial agent should be increased then after another month, a second agent should be added

25
Q

What is used in the treatment of vasospastic/variant (prinzmetals) angina

A

CCBs

26
Q

What is the strategy for reducing fat intake for heart disease?

A

decrease the amount of saturated fats then unsaturated fats

27
Q

Which troponin is cardioselective?

A

Troponin I (think MI)

28
Q

How does protein S deficiency affect coagulability?

A

Protein S causes a prothrombotic state leading to increased incidence of VTE

29
Q

What condition is more likely in a patient with May Thurners syndrome?

A

ileofemoral DVT

30
Q

What is the goal door-to-needle time for STEMI?

A

30 min

31
Q

What is the goal door-to-balloon time for STEMI?

A

90 minutes

32
Q

Which position should the patient be placed in for venous air embolism?

A

Left lateral decubitis and trendelenberg

33
Q

What are indications for thrombolytic for MI?

A

Uncontrolled CP >30 min and <6 hours PLUS ST elevation >0.1 in two or more contiguous leads.

34
Q

What is the treatment for pericarditis?

A

NSAIDS, echo, monitor for tamponade

35
Q

What are the components and scores of CHADVASC?

A

Age 65-74 +1
Age ≥75 +2
Female Sex +1
HTN hx +1
DM +1
CAD/PAD/aortic atherosclerosis +1
CHF hx +1
TIA/CVA/VTE hx +2

36
Q

Should a 75-year-old female patient with a history of HTN be anticoagulated for Afib?

A

Yes, with warfarin or a DOAC. This patient scores +2 for age 75, +1 female sex, +1 for HTN hx = 4 CHADVASC score
Anticoagulation is indicated for men with a score ≥2 and women with a score ≥3.

AGACNP Cert (12 decks)

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