Carbs & Nucleotides

Question 1

What is an aldehyde?

Answer 1

A hydrocarbon with a C=O group at the end of a chain

Question 2

What is a ketone?

Answer 2

A hydrocarbon with a C=O group within the chain.

Question 3

What is an aldose?

Answer 3

Sugar with an aldehyde

Question 4

What is a ketose?

Answer 4

Sugar with a ketone

Question 5

The suffix -ose indicates…

Answer 5

a carbohydrate.

Question 6

What is the function of glucose within the body?

Answer 6

To serve as a source of energy in biochemical reactions.

Question 7

What is glucose stored as in plants and animals

Answer 7

Starch = plants
Glycogen = animals

Question 8

Monosaccharide + alcohol = ?

Answer 8

Acetal. Commonly known as glycosides.

Question 9

a-glucose + a-glucose = ?

Answer 9

Maltose

Question 10

b-galactose + b-glucose = ?

Answer 10

Lactose

Question 11

a-glucose + b-fructose = ?

Answer 11

Sucrose

Question 12

Which polysaccharides store energy?

Answer 12

Starch, glycogen and cellulose.

Question 13

What is starch made from?

Answer 13

Amylose and amylopectin.

Question 14

What is digestion?

Answer 14

Enzyme catalysed hydrolysis of carbohydrates

Question 15

Breakdown the steps of glycolysis.

Answer 15

• Glucose > 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP
• Pyruvate > Acetyl S-coenzyme A + NADH
• Krebs cycle applies
• 2 ATP + 2 NADH produced

Question 16

What are chains of nucleotides called?

Answer 16

Nucleic acid

Question 17

Structure of nucleotide

Answer 17

Sugar, base and phosphate

Question 18

What is DNA?

Answer 18

Nucleic acid that stores genetic information

Question 19

What role does RNA play?

Answer 19

Utilizes the information from DNA to produce proteins among other molecules.

Question 20

What is a nucleoside made of?

Answer 20

Sugar & base

Question 21

What is the bond called between two nucleotides?

Answer 21

Phosphodiester bond