Carbohydrates

Question 1

Monosaccharide

Answer 1

formula=(CH2O)n. well known monosaccharide is glucose, its a hexose. its a single monomer

Question 2

Disaccharide

Answer 2

when monosaccharide’s join water is removed, this is called a condensation reaction. the bond is a glycosidic bond. when water is added it breaks the glycosidic bond, this is hydrolysis

Question 3

Polysaccharides

Answer 3

they are polymers, formed when multiple monosaccharides are combined. joined by glycosidic bonds, formed by condensation reactions.

they are large, insoluble and so are good for storage.

Question 4

Test for reducing sugars

Answer 4

benedicts test, if sugar is present the substance will go orange/brown

Question 5

glucose + glucose

Answer 5

= maltose

Question 6

glucose + fructose

Answer 6

= sucrose

Question 7

glucose + galactose

Answer 7

= lactose

Question 8

Starch

Answer 8

made of 2 polymers amylose and amylopectin

for storage in plants

insoluble so good for storage
helix is compact
branches mean it can be hydrolised easily

Question 9

Glycogen

Answer 9

for storage in animal cells

has many branches and they’re long so its extremely compact and can hydrolyse fast

Question 10

Cellulose

Answer 10

main structural parts of plant walls

microfibrils are strong so are structurally important to plant