Carbohydrates

Question 1

What are carbohydrates?

Answer 1

Sugars

Question 2

What are carbohydrates used for?

Answer 2

Short term energy.

Question 3

Define Monosaccharide

Answer 3

They are the building blocks of sugars/carbs, such as glucose.

Question 4

Glucose

Answer 4

monosaccharide, has 6 sides, consists of the formula C6/H12/O6

Question 5

Polysaccharide

Answer 5

many sugars : Starch and Glycogen

Question 6

Glycogen

Answer 6

Located In animals: Glycogen is stored in the liver (Insulin tells the liver when there is too much sugar) & Muscles (Sugar stored for moving/running)

Question 7

Starch

Answer 7

Located In plants : Is stored in the roots because the roots cannot get any sort of sunlight to do photosynthesis. Roots are always doing cellular respiration which is why they need carbohydrates.

Question 8

Disaccharide

Answer 8

2 Sugars: Sucrose (Glucose&Fructose) Linked by a glycosidic Linkage bond creating water through a dehydration reaction.

Question 9

Fructose

Answer 9

Sugar which contains 5 sides (Pentose)

Question 10

Cellulose

Answer 10

Cell wall in plants (fiber)
More hydrogen bonds to solidify the sugar
Humans cannot digest cellulose, but fruits and veggies are high of fiber.

Question 11

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?

Answer 11

Monosaccharide

Question 12

How can you tell when there’s a monosaccharide?

Answer 12

One Ring + Hydroxyls

Question 13

What are the identifying atoms/combination of atoms for carbohydrates?

Answer 13

Simplest Form : CH2O

Question 14

What is the chemical suffix used for carbohydrates?

Answer 14

-Ose OR Chitin for exoskeletons of orthopods

Question 15

What are the other monosaccharides of carbohydrates?

Answer 15

Disaccharides & Polysaccharides

Question 16

What are monomers used to form?

Answer 16

Disaccharides and polysaccharides

Question 17

Where does the polysaccharides bond occur and how?

Answer 17

Glycosidic Linkages : Between the hydroxyls of the sugar - goes through a dehydration rxn creating water.

Question 18

Glucose + Glucose = ?

Answer 18

Maltose + Water

Question 19

Glucose + Fructose = ?

Answer 19

Sucrose + Water

Question 20

Glucose + Galactose = ?

Answer 20

Lactose + Water
(people who are lactose intolerant have an enzyme that breaks this sugar down)

Question 21

What kinds of foods test positive for carbohydrates

Answer 21

Fruits, Bread, Pasta etc (Most Foods)

Question 22

What is the chem formula for Sugars?

Answer 22

C6 H12 O6 : All have the same chem ratio but structure are different. (Isomers=molecules with the same chem formula )