CARBOHYDRATES Flashcards by Karrizze Basto

General formula of carbohydrates:

A. C-H2O
B. CH3CH2OH
C. CnH2nO2
D. (C-H2O)n

D. (C-H2O)n

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The following sugars are aldohexoses, except:

A. Fructose
B. Glucose
C. Galactose
D. Mannose

A. Fructose

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It is a general test for carbohydrates that contains alpha napthol and sulfuric acid:

A. Benedict’s
B. Molisch
C. Fehling’s
D. Tollen’s

B. Molisch

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Lactose can be differentiated from fructose by:

A. Mucic acid Test
B. Barfoed’s Test
C. Fehling’s Test
D. Iodine Test

B. Barfoed’s Test

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Alkaline bismuth reagent is used to detect the presence of:

A. Polysaccharide
B. Disaccharide
C. Monosaccharide
D. All of these

C. Monosaccharide

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Osazone test in also known as:

A. Nylander’s test
B. Trummer’s Test
C. Kowarsky Test
D. Folin’s Test

C. Kowarsky Test

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The main carbohydrate of the blood is:

A. D-fructose
B. D-glucose
C. Mannitol
D. Sorbitol

B. D-glucose

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The end product of the hydrolysis of glycogen is:

A. Galactose
B. Fructose
C. Glucose
D. Arabinose

C. Glucose

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Starches are partially digested in the mouth by:

A. Protease
B. Starchase
C. Ptyalin
D. Gastrin

C. Ptyalin

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A normal value of glucose in the blood:

A. 100 – 200 mg%
B. 80 – 120 mg%
C. 50 – 75 mg%
D. 200 – 300 mg%

B. 80 – 120 mg%

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Which sugar will not give a red precipitate with cupric oxide when heated with Benedict’s solution?

A. Glucose
B. Sucrose
C. Maltose
D. Fructose

B. Sucrose

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Which of the following sugar is sweetest?

A. Glucose
B. Fructose
C. Sucrose
D. Galactose

B. Fructose

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Which of the following statement is incorrect?

A. Ribose is an aldopentose
B. Maltose is a ketohexose
C. Galactose is an aldohexose
D. Glucose is an aldohexose

B. Maltose is a ketohexose

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Concentrated dehydrating acids change monosaccharides to:

A. Simple sugars
B. Saccharic acids
C. Furfurals
D. Uronic acid

C. Furfurals

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Lactose intolerance is due to:

A. Inability of some people to digest the alpha glycosidic bond
B. Inability of some people to digest the beta glycosidic bond
C. Alcohol production
D. Production of non – reducing equivalents

B. Inability of some people to digest the beta glycosidic bond

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Oligosaccharides that cannot be absorbed by the small intestine and are often metabolized by bacteria in the large intestine to form unwanted gaseous byproducts:

A. Amylose and amylopectin
B. Raffinose and Stachyose
C. Cellulose and inulin
D. Dextrin and invert sugars

B. Raffinose and Stachyose

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Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Fructose is an aldose while glucose is a ketose
B. Fructose in solution is in pyranose form
C. Fructose and Glucose are hexoses
D. Glucose in solution is levorotatory

C. Fructose and Glucose are hexoses

________ are formed by the condensation between the hydroxyl group of the anomeric carbon of monosaccharide and a second compound that may not be another monosaccharide.
A. Amino sugars
B. Deoxysugars
C. Mucopolysaccharides
D. Glycosides
E. Disaccharides

D. Glycosides

Amylose is:

A. Branched chains composed of 24-30 glucose residues
B. Non-branching helical structure
C. A constituent of chitin
D. Non digestible non starch polysaccharide

B. Non-branching helical structure

Branching frequency of glycogen’s structure:

A. Every 4-6 glucose units
B. Every 6-10 glucose units
C. Every 12-14 glucose units
D. Every 2-6 glucose units
E. Every 25-30 glucose units

C. Every 12-14 glucose units

When the C1 of monosaccharides become chiral, it is now known as/an:

A. Epimeric carbon
B. Enantiomeric carbon
C. Assymetric carbon
D. Anomeric carbon
E. Acetal carbon

D. Anomeric carbon

It is the glycosidic linkage that binds 2 molecules of glucose to form maltose:

A. β – 1,2
B. β – 1,4
C. α – 1,4
D. α – 1,2
E. α – 4,1

C. α – 1,4

Glucose and Mannose are epimers at:

A. Carbon 2
B. Carbon 3
C. Carbon 4
D. Carbon 5

A. Carbon 2

Alpha – naphthol reaction is also known as:

A. Molisch’s Test
B. Ninhydrin Test
C. Phenylhydrazine Test
D. Fehling’s Test
E. Biuret Test

A. Molisch’s Test

D- threose and L-threose are examples of: A. Anomers B. Enantiomers C. Diastereomers D. Conformational isomer E. Nucleic acids

B. Enantiomers

Genetic defect characterized by mental retardation and cataract, since the unmetabolized sugar is toxic to the lens of the eyes: A. Galactosemia B. Pentosuria C. Fructosemia D. Fructosuria

A. Galactosemia

Oligosaccharides that cannot be absorbed by the small intestine and are often metabolized by bacteria in the large intestine to form unwanted gaseous byproducts. A. Amylose and amylopectin B. Raffinose and Stachyose C. Cellulose and inulin D. Dextrin and invert sugars

B. Raffinose and Stachyose

Cellulose is a polysaccharide found in: A. Plants B. Soil C. Mammalian tissues D. Animal fat

A. Plants

Hydrolysis of sucrose by the enzyme sucrase yields: A. Glucose only B. Glucose and maltose C. Glucose and fructose D. Glucose and galactose E. Fructose and maltose

C. Glucose and fructose

The arrangement of sugars into D- and L-configurations is based upon their resemblance to D- and L-: A. Glycine B. Glucose C. Fructose D. Glyceraldehyde

D. Glyceraldehyde

Some carbohydrates convert Cu2+ ions to Cu+ ions. This property is related to their ability to act as: A. a reducing agent B. an oxidizing agent C. both a reducing agent and an oxidizing agent D. neither a reducing agent nor an oxidizing agent

A. a reducing agent

What linkages occur in glycogen at branch points between glucose units? A. Alpha-1,4 B. Alpha-1,6 C. Beta-1,3 D. Beta-1,4 E. Beta-1,6

B. Alpha-1,6

How many anomeric carbons are present in a fructose molecule? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 5 E. 6

B. 1

Each of the following is a glycosaminoglycan, except: A. Chondroitin sulfate B. Dermatan sulfate C. Hyaluronic acid D. Heparan sulfate E. Keratin

E. Keratin

Which of the following molecule features contributes to the water-binding properties of proteoglycans? A. The carboxyl groups acting as buffers B. Central hyaluronate (a helix) trapping water within C. The space between the core proteins and the hyaluronate being highly charged. D. The large number of alcohol groups on the polysaccharide chaining H-bond to water. E. The large number of serine and theronine residues in the core protein offering H-bonding sites.

D. The large number of alcohol groups on the polysaccharide chaining H-bond to water.

Amino sugar found in chondroitin: A. N – acetylfructosamine B. N – acetylglucosamine C. N – acetylgalactosamine D. N – acetylmuraminic acid E. N – acetylmannosamine

C. N – acetylgalactosamine

The carbohydrate in highest concentration in resting muscle is: A. Glucose B. Lactose C. Sucrose D. Glycogen E. Inositol

D. Glycogen

Which of the following type of glycogen storage disease is correctly matched? I. Type I: von Gierk’s II. Type VII: Tarui’s disease III. Type II: Pompe’s disease IV. Type III: Cori’s diease A. I and II only B. I, II, III and IV C. II, III and IV only D. I and III only

B. I, II, III and IV

Lactose is chemically known as: A. Glucopyranosyl 1->4 glucopyranose B. Galactopyranosyl 1->4 glucopyranose C. Glucopyranosyl 1->2 fructofuranoside D. Galactopyranosyl 1->4 fructofuranose

B. Galactopyranosyl 1->4 glucopyranose

The reserve carbohydrates of plants is/are: A. Cellulose B. Glycogen C. Starch D. A and C E. All are storage form of carbohydrates

C. Starch