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SES 626-Metabolism > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Trioses

A

3 C sugar
Smallest: Glyceraldehyde and Dihydroxyacetone

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2
Q

Glyceraldehyde

A

Aldose
one of two smallest monosaccharides
Isomeric C3H6O3 (like dihydroxyacetone)

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3
Q

Dihydroxyacetone

A

Ketose
One of two smallest monosaccharides
Isomeric C3H6O3 (like glyceraldehyde)

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4
Q

Ketose

A

carbonyl anywhere except end of carbon chain

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5
Q

Aldose

A

Carbonyl group at end of carbon chain

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6
Q

Identify each of the molecules in the picture by the location of their carbonyl group

A

A. Glyceraldehyde
B. Dihydroxyacetone

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7
Q

Pentose

A

5 C Sugar
E.G. Ribose (C5H10O5)

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8
Q

Ribose

A

Deoxyribose
5 C sugar
Cyclic or open chain formations
Alpha and beta formations

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9
Q

Hexoses

A

6 C sugar
E.G. Glucose C6H1206s, Fructose also C6H12O6

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10
Q

Glucose

A

C6H12O6
Carbonyl in position 1 in open chain (fructose is in position 2)
Pyranose Alpha and Beta

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11
Q

Identify the following

A

A. Glucose
B. Alpha glucopyranose
C. Beta glucopyranose

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12
Q

Fructose

A

C6H12O6
Carbonyl group at position 2 (instead of position 1 like glucose)
5 membered furanose ring

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13
Q

Oligosaccharides

A

2 to 10 covalently linked monosaccharides
glycosidic linkage

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14
Q

Disaccharides

A

2 linked monosaccharides
Maltose = glucose + glucose

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15
Q

Glycosidic linkage

A

linkage of sugars through hydroxyl groups

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16
Q

Maltose

A

Disaccharide
glucose + glucose

17
Q

Sucrose

A

Disaccharide
granulated sugar
glucose + fructose

18
Q

Polysaccarides

A

Most abundant category of carb
more than ten monosaccharide units
homopolysaccharides
heteroplysaccarides
cellulose
starch
glycogen

19
Q

Homopolysaccharide

A

All the same sugar (glycogen)

20
Q

Heteropolysaccharide

A

different sugars

21
Q

Glycogen

A

Homopolysaccaride of glucose
storage form of glucose
found in muscle and liver

SES 626-Metabolism (14 decks)

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