Carbohydrate Metabolism Flashcards
Normal blood glucose level
90-108 mg/dl
hyperglycemic
elevated blood glucose
hypoglycemic
low blood glucose <45mg/dl
Glucose Transporter Isoforms
GLUT 1
GLUT 2
GLUT 3
GLUT 4
GLUT 5
GLUT 4
uptake of glucose from blood to cell in muscle, heart and adipose tissue
Pathways of glycolysis
Anaerobic
Aerobic
What is glycolysis
the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate
most common pathway
sole source of energy for erythrocytes
How many reactions take place in Anaerobic Glycolysis
10
how many times is glucose phosphorylated during anaerobic glycolysis, where do these take place?
2 times, during the first and third reactions
During glucose to pyruvate glycolysis how many carbons and how many phosphoryl groups are produced? What is the net cost?
Yield:
6 carbons
2 phosphoryl groups
Cost:
2 ATP
Which molecules are formed during the fourth anaerobic glycolysis reaction?
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
What is Dihydroxey acetone phosphate converted to?
Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
Where does glyceraldehydde 3 phosphate get its second phosphoryl group from?
Inorganic Phosphate (Pi)
During the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate which substance is reduced?
NAD+ to NADH
Where does 1,3 biphosphoglycerate donate its phosphoryl groups?
6th and 10th reaction