Carbohydrates Flashcards
1
Q
Monosachorides
A
- single sugar monomer = reducing sugars
- glucose 6C
- fructose 5C
- Galactose 6C
2
Q
Galactose
A
-same structure except hydrogen bond below carbon 4
3
Q
function of monosachorides
A
- source of energy in respiration
- building blocks for polymers
4
Q
Disaccharide
A
-sugar formed by 2 monosaccharides joined by glycosidic in a condensation reaction
5
Q
Examples di
A
- maltose
- sucrose
- lactose
6
Q
Maltose
A
- alpha glucose + alpha glucose
- breaks down starch
7
Q
Sucrose
A
- alpha glucose + fructose
- translocation
8
Q
Lactose
A
- alpha glucose + beta galactose
- sugar found in milk
- lictase enzyme breaks it down
9
Q
formula for maltose
A
- C12H22O11
- H20 Because used up
10
Q
polysaccharide
A
- a polymer formed by many monosaccharides joined by glycosidic bonds in a condensation reaction
- multi-sugar
11
Q
Examples polysaccharide
A
- starch - alpha glucose in forms of amylase and amylopectin
- glycogen - alpha glucose
- cellulose - beta glucose
12
Q
starch
A
- coiled
- amylase = unbranched and glycosidic bond 1-4
- amylopectin =branched and glycosidic bond 1-4+1-6
13
Q
cellulose
A
- linea
- glycosidic bond = 1-4
- 2 OH together to form condensation so every alternate beta glucose needs to flip 180 degrees
14
Q
glycogen
A
- branched releases energy quickly
- glycosilic bond = 1-4, 1-6
15
Q
parallel unbranched chains
A
- form microfibrils
- hydrogen form between them
- many of them so gives it an overall strength
