ATP

Question 1

Adenosine Triphosphate

Answer 1

• energy released from glucose is used to make ATP
• ATP made from nucleotide base adenine, combined with a ribose sugar and 3 phosphate groups
• known as a nucleotide derivative = modified form of a nucleotide
• once made it diffuses to part of cell that needs energy
• stored in high energy bonds between phosphate group which is released via hydrolysis

Question 2

Making And Using ATP

Answer 2

• when energy is needed by a cell ATP is broken down into ADP and Pi = hydrolysis reaction
• phosphate bond is broken and energy is released this reaction is catalysed by the enzyme ATP hydrolase
• ATP hydrolysis can be couples to other energy requiring reactions in the cell
• energy released can be used directly to make the coupled reaction rather than being lost as heat
• the released inorganic phosphate can also be put to use and ass to another compound - phosphorylation = makes more reactive
• ATP can be re-synthesized in a condensation reaction between ADP + Pi this happens in respiration and photosynthesis it is catalysed by ATP synthase