Cap12 Antiicing ,de Icing And Rain Protection

Question 1

De icing and anti icing

Answer 1

~hot bleed air
~hot engine oil
~electrically heated mats
~pneumatically 
~fluid is pumped under pressure through pores on the leading edges

Question 2

Ice protection area

Answer 2

~wing leading edges
~tail surfaces
~windscreen
~engine and intake inlets
~propellers
~pitot static and flight instruments probes

Question 3

Ice detection systems

Answer 3

~vibrating rod system»vibrated at 40KHz and chenges its frequency when ice builds up
~pressure detector sys»an aneroid capsule is connected to a tube which protrudes into the airflow ,normally the tube expands due to airflow,but when it get clogged tube pressure drops and ice warning is triggered

Question 4

Electrical ice dector sensor:

HOT ROD ICE DETECTOR

Answer 4

Is composed by
~a reference voltage loop >a fixed voltage is applied to the refence loop
~detector loop»a pulsed higher voltage is applied to the detector
If ice rather than water ,is present on the sensor ,the final temperature of the detector loop will be much lower at the end of the pulse
A large voltga difference between the partds will trigger

Question 5

Boot DE ICING system

Answer 5

Pneaumatic boots are a de icing system only
Use in light a/c and medium
~most systems required ice thickness of between 0.5cm and 1.5cm
~vacuum pressure ensure boots sits absolutly flush when not used
~pressure of 18psi and vacuum of 2.2psi
~two cycle rates for light heavy icing
~cntrolled by time

Question 6

Fluid based ANTI ICING system

Answer 6

~sequence is controlled by a timer
~flows back to melt ice
~fluid is pumped by resorvoir into a perforated strips on the leading edges

Question 7

Electrical anti icing protection

Answer 7

~electricvasl powered mats

~engine bleed air

Answer 8

~internal systems»For the engine like the spinner and fan are always ON heated by engine oil or hot internal engine air,crew have no control over internal system

~parts like nascelle is controlled by pilot

Question 9

Turbo prop

Answer 9

~can be electrically heated

Question 10

Ice delfflector door

Answer 10

Some truboprop a/c use an ice deflector door

This allow ice particles to be directed out to the atmosphere rather tham beign drawn into the enines

Question 11

Propeller anti icing /de icing

Answer 11

~cover an area of upto 50% of the blades area
~power is supplied through slip rings and brushes
~on a prop with an odd number of clades,all blades must be heated simulstaneously
~mat heated sequence to reduce the electrically load ( 5 sec on 5sec off)

Question 12

Electrical Propeller anticing and decing

Answer 12

Prop ant-icing and dicing systems operate two cycles
~fast cylce» for light icing
~slow cycle» for heavy icing condition

Question 13

Fluid prop ice protection

Answer 13

This weeps de icing fluid from a “slinger ring “ at the roort blade
The fluid is spread by centrifulforce
This system is not used in moderm props

Question 14

Windscreen ice protection

Answer 14

Windscreen is heated to 35 degress via electrical element gold or iridium trioxide.the supply is frequency wild 115ac controller is DC supplied

Question 15

Rain repellent and rain removal system

Answer 15

Rain repellent liquid
~vision may be limited for up to 15sec after itial application
~fluid is toxic,so masks with 100% oxg selected if leaks into the flight deck.

Question 16

Wipers

Answer 16

~the wipers are limited in speed,for example 737max ias 160
~fast setting»120 cycle per minute
~slow setting»80 cycles per miute

Question 17

Eu ops states

Answer 17

‘A commander shall not commence a flight nor intentionally fly into expected or actual icing conditions unless the airplane is certificated and equipped to cope with such conditions’