Canine Hindlimb- Muscles

Question 1

Superficial gluteal

Answer 1

most caudal, inserts on proximal femur

Function: extension of hip

Nerve: caudal gluteal nerve

Question 2

Middle gluteal

Answer 2

key muscle of group, ilium to greater trochanter

Function: main hip extensor

Nerve: cranial gluteal nerve

Question 3

Deep gluteal

Answer 3

lies under middle gluteal, ischium to greater trochanter

Function: abducts limb

Nerve: cranial gluteal nerve

Question 4

Tensor fasciae latae

Answer 4

part of gluteal group, most cranial, ilium to top of femur

Function: flexes hip

Nerve: cranial gluteal nerve

Question 5

Gracilis, Pectineus, Adductor, and External obturator

Answer 5

Medial hip muscles, ventral pelvis area to medial femur

Function: adduct hip

Nerve: obturator nerve

Question 6

Sartorius

Answer 6

Medial hip muscle, ventral pelvis to medial femur

Function: flexes hip

Nerve: femoral nerve

Question 7

Internal obturator, gemelli, quadratus femoris, and articularis coxae

Answer 7

deep hip muscles

Nerve: sciatic nerve

Question 8

Biceps femoris

Answer 8

caudal hip muscle, ischiatic tuberosity to around stifle area and branch to calcaneal tendon, most lateral of group

Function: extension of hip

Nerve: sciatic nerve

Question 9

Semitendinosus

Answer 9

caudal hip muscle, ischiatic tuberosity to caudomedial proximal tibial area

Function: extends hip

Nerve: sciatic nerve

Question 10

Semimembranosus

Answer 10

caudal hip muscle, more medial than semitendinosus

Function: extend hip

Nerve: sciatic nerve

Question 11

Quadriceps femoris

Answer 11

stifle muscle, cranial thigh area, lateral femur (except rectus femoris which arises from ilium) to tibial tuberosity

Four parts: vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, and rectus femoris

Function: extend stifle

Nerve: femoral nerve

Question 12

Popliteus

Answer 12

stifle muscle, behind stifle joint, lateral condyle of femur to proximal caudal tibia, small sesamoid embedded in it

Function: flexes stifle

Nerve: tibial nerve

Question 13

Tibialis cranialis

Answer 13

craniolateral tarsus/digit muscle, lateral condyle of tibia to medial tarsal and metatarsal bones

Function: hock flexor

Nerve: peroneal nerve (fibular nerve)

Question 14

Peroneus longus

Answer 14

craniolateral hock/digit muscle, lateral stifle area to medial metatarsal

Function: hock flexion

Nerve: peroneal (fibular) nerve

Question 15

Long digital extensor

Answer 15

craniolateral digit muscle, distal femur to dorsal surface of digits

Function: extends digits

Nerve: peroneal (fibular) nerve

Question 16

Lateral digital extensor

Answer 16

craniolateral digit muscle, from fibula to 5th digit

Function: extends digit

Nerve: peroneal (fibular) nerve

Question 17

Gastrocnemius

Answer 17

caudal hock/digit muscle, above femoral condyles to common calcaneal tendon

Function: hock extensor, potential digit flexor

Nerve: tibial nerve

Question 18

Superficial digital flexor

Answer 18

caudal hock/digit muscle, caudal femur to digits

Function: flexes digits

Nerve: tibial nerve

Question 19

Deep digital flexors

Answer 19

caudal hock/digit muscle, similar to forelimb, attach to plantar aspect of digits

Function: flex digits

Nerve: tibial nerve