Canine Forelimb-Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius

A

Cranial extrinsic muscle

Function: raises scapula, helps in limb advancement

Nerve: accessory nerve

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2
Q

Omotransversarius

A

Cranial extrinsic muscle, atlas to acromion of scapula

Function: helps advance limb

Nerve: accessory nerve

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3
Q

Brachiocephalicus

A

Cranial extrinsic muscle, contains clavicle

Function: When limb is fixed it draws head ventrally; advances free limb

Nerve: accessory nerve

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4
Q

Lattissimus dorsi

A

Caudal extrinsic muscle, across thoracolumbar area, inserts on humerus

Function: hold scapula against chest, retracts free forelimb; when forelimb is fixed/weight-bearing helps draw body forward

Nerve: brachial plexus nerve branch (thoracodorsal nerve)

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5
Q

Rhomboideus

A

Dorsal extrinsic muscle, under the trapezius, attaches to dorsal medial scapula

Function: raising and retracting limb

Nerve: brachial plexus nerve branch

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6
Q

Superficial pectoral

A

Ventral extrinsic muscle, sternum to humerus

Function: adduct limb or hold it against the body

Nerve: brachial plexus nerve branches

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7
Q

Deep pectorals

A

Ventral extrinsic muscle, sternum to humerus

Function: acts to sling trunk between forelimbs, retracts free forelimb, advances trunk against planted forelimb

Nerve: brachial plexus nerve branches

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8
Q

Serratus Ventralis

A

Medial extrinsic muscle, cervical vertebrae to lower ribs

Function: supports weight of trunk, advance and retract limb (depends on which portion is activated and position limb is in)

Nerve: brachial nerve plexus nerve branch (long thoracic nerve)

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9
Q

Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus

A

Lateral intrinsic muscles, fill fossae in scapula

Function: support shoulder joint laterally

Nerve: suprascapular nerve

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10
Q

Subscapularis

A

Medial intrinsic muscle, medial scapula to humerus

Function: supports the shoulder joint medially, adducts limb

Nerve: subscapular nerve

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11
Q

Deltoideus

A

caudal intrinsic muscle, scapula to deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Function: flexes shoulder joint

Nerve: axillary nerve

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12
Q

Teres major and minor

A

caudal intrinsic muscles, scapula to teres tuberosity on humerus

Function: flexes shoulder joint

Nerve: axillary nerve

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13
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Four heads (long, lateral, medial, accessory), run from scapula/humerus to ulna olecranon, cushioned by tricipital bursa

Function: extends elbow

Nerve: radial nerve

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14
Q

Tensor fasciae antebrachii

A

scapula to olecranon, lies over long head of triceps

Function: extends elbow

Nerve: radial nerve

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15
Q

Anconeus

A

distal humerus to olecranon, part of elbow joint capsule

Function: extends elbow

Nerve: radial nerve

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16
Q

Biceps brachii

A

scapula to proximal radius and ulna

Function: flexes elbow

Nerve: musculotaneous nerve

17
Q

Brachialis

A

proximal humerus to proximal radius

Function: flexes elbow

Nerve: musculotaneous nerve

18
Q

Extensor carpi radialis

A

starts at lateral epicondyle inserts on MC3, most medial of extensor group

Function: extends carpus

Nerve: radial nerve

19
Q

Ulnaris lateralis

A

starts at lateral epicondyle, inserts on accessory carpal bone and MC5

Function: extends carpus

Nerve: radial nerve

20
Q

Extensor carpi oblique

A

also called abductor pollicis longus, lateral epicondyle to medial aspect of MC2

Function: extends carpus

Nerve: radial nerve

21
Q

Common digital extensor

A

Lateral epicondyle to each digit

Function: extends carpus

Nerve: radial nerve

22
Q

Lateral digital extensor

A

Runs along edge of common digital extensor (shares common insertion on lateral-most digits)

Function: extends carpus

Nerve: radial nerve

23
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

most medial muscle, medial epicondyle to MC2

Function: flexes carpus

Nerve: median or ulnar nerves

24
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

more lateral muscle, medial epicondyle to accessory carpal bone

Function: flexes carpus

Nerve: median or ulnar nerves

25
Q

Superficial digital flexor

A

caudomedial antebrachium, inserts around P1-P2 of each digit

Function: flexes carpus

Nerve: median or ulnar nerves

26
Q

Deep digital flexor

A

each branch perforates superficial digital flexor as it passes distally to insert on palmar aspect of P3 of each digit

Function: flexes carpus

Nerve: median or ulnar nerves