Cancer

Question 1

What is cancer?

Answer 1

A term used to describe a broad group of various diseases, all involving unregulated cell growth

Question 2

Common types of Cancer

Answer 2

• Breast
• Prostate
• Colorectal
• Lung/bronchus

Question 3

Cancer Cycle

Answer 3

1. Tumor development begins when a cell gets a genetic mutation
2. Hyperplasia occurs but the cells look normal. After a period of time some cells mutate further
3. Cells continue to reproduce and descendants appeal abnormal in shape (dysplasia). After time, a rare mutation that alter cell’s beahaviour occurs
4. Affected cells are abnormal in growth and apperamce but the tumor is still contained
5. If genetic changes allow the tumor to begin invading underlying tissues and to shed cell into lymph or blod. The escaped cells establish new tumors (metastases). These may be lethal

Question 4

Term ‘Stages of Cancer’

Answer 4

• The stage of cancer that it was at when it was first diagnosed
• Cancer stage is based on the size of the tumor, whether lymph nodes are involved, and whether the cancer has spread

Question 5

Stages for eliminating cancer

Answer 5

Early dection & treatment + prevention = Complete strategy

Question 6

Cancer prevention and nutriton

Answer 6

• Cruciferous vegetables
• Vitamins, minerals
• Fibre whole grains

Question 7

Exercise and Breast Cancer Prevention

Answer 7

• Exercising regularly at a moderate or intense level for 4-7 hours per week lowers the risk of breast cancer
• People who exercise regularly tend to be healthier and are more likely to maintain a healthy weight

Question 8

Exercise Reduces risk for other Cancers ( such as..)

Answer 8

• Colorectal cancer
• Lung cancer
• Endometrial cancer
• Prostate cancer

Question 9

Ways of Breast Exam/Detection

Answer 9

• Regular Breast Self Examination
• Clinical Breast Exam
• Mammography (age 40 or earlier)

Question 10

7 Warning Signs of Cancer

Answer 10

1. Change in bowel habits
2. A sore that doesn’t heal
3. Unusual bleeding or discharge
4. Thickening of lump in breast, testis, or elsewhere
5. Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
6. Obvious change in a wart or mole
7. Nagging cough or hoarseness

Question 11

Risk Factors for Skin Cancer

Answer 11

• Fair skin, light eyes, or fair hair
• A tendency to develop freckles and to burn instead of tan
• A history of childhood sunburn or intermittent, intense sun exposure
• A personal or family history of melanoma

Question 12

Treatment

Answer 12

• Depends on the stage and extent of the disease…
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation Therapy
• Surgery