Cancer

Question 1

Which stage of cancer has not broken through the basement membrane?

Answer 1

Stage 0

Question 2

Which stage of cancer has broken through the basement membrane but remains in one spot?

Answer 2

Stage 1

Question 3

Which stage of cancer has spread locally?

Answer 3

Stage 2

Question 4

Which stage of cancer has spread to regional nodes?

Answer 4

Stage 3

Question 5

Which stage of cancer has spread to other organs?

Answer 5

Stage 4

Question 6

Where are the 4 most common sources of cancer?

Answer 6

Skin
Reproductive/ GU
Pulmonary
GI

Question 7

Where are the most common sites to find mets?

Answer 7

Lymph nodes
Liver
Lung
Bone
Brain

Question 8

True or false; it is okay to give a bone cancer patient TENS at low settings.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What are the warning signs of cancer?

Answer 9

Changes in Bowel and Bladder habits
A sore that hasn’t healed in 6 weeks
Unusual healing or discharge
Thickening or lump on breast or elsewhere
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in a wart or a mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness

Question 10

What are the earliest common symptoms of cancer?

Answer 10

Pain

Fatigue

Question 11

What are some treatments for lung cancer?

Answer 11

Deep breathing, coughing, splinting incision, and postural drainage

Question 12

What are some things to never do with a lung cancer patient?

Answer 12

NO percussion or vibration over the tumor site if hemorrhage is present or ongoing radiation.

Question 13

True or false; lung cancer has a high response rate to chemotherapeutics

Answer 13

False; low response rate

Question 14

What are some treatments tot perform with a breast cancer patient?

Answer 14

Increase ROM, Decrease edema TID. Check and monitor CV status and pulmonary status.

Question 15

Probability of lymphedema increases when __ or more nodes are removed

Answer 15

5

Question 16

Where can pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma be found?

Answer 16

Quads
Adductors
Biceps femoris

Question 17

Which type of skin cancer “grows down?”

Answer 17

Squamous

Question 18

Which type of skin cancer spreads through the blood?

Answer 18

Malignant melanoma

Question 19

What kind of skin cancer grows out and stays superficial?

Answer 19

Basal

Question 20

What are thee signs of skin cancer?

Answer 20

Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter

Question 21

What are the important pieces of information to gather even ten years later?

Answer 21

Type
Medical, surgical treatment
Side effects
Prognosis

Question 22

True or false; each cycle of chemo increases a person’s fall risk

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Which class of chemo slows the growing of cancers?

Answer 23

Alkylating agents

Question 24

Which class of chemo is cell cycle specific?

Answer 24

Antimetabolites

Question 25

Which class of chemo prevents RNA synthesis?

Answer 25

Antitumor antibiotics

Question 26

Which class of chemo stops cellular division of cancer cells?

Answer 26

Plant alkaloids

Question 27

True or false; alkylating agents cause neuropathy

Answer 27

False; plant alkaloids will cause neuropathy but it may be reversible

Question 28

True or false; antitumor antibiotics are cardiotoxic

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What are the general contraindications for treating a cancer patient?

Answer 29

-Directly over tumor -During acute treatment in application area -Directly over implants, tissue expanders, that are in the application area -Insensate areas, over injured nn, dysvascular, fibrosed skin and capillary beds in application area

Question 30

How long is acute in the context of cancer? Subacute? Chronic?

Answer 30

Acute: <6 months Subacute: 6-18 months Chronic: 18m- 5 years

Question 31

What are some considerations during your evaluation/POC for the use of thermal agents?

Answer 31

- Site of initial tumor and how it was tx - Adjacent regions/ quadrants - Anywhere else in the body

Question 32

After __ years post cancer, patients are considered cured.

Answer 32

5

Question 33

True or false; Pts 5 years post cancer are always considered cured.

Answer 33

False; they need to be free of signs and symptoms

Question 34

True or false; cryotherapy is an inappropriate modality to use on someone with cancer

Answer 34

False; if there are no signs and symptoms and it is safe, it is useful throughout the duration of treatment and life following it

Question 35

True or false; heat is an appropriate modality to use on cancer patients

Answer 35

Mostly true - Superficial: additional contraindication over risk or recent hemorrhage. Acute injury inflammation such a irradiated skin, DVT, Impaired mental status. - Deep: Use only in cancer free areas.

Question 36

True or false; traction is a good modality to use on acute cancer patients.

Answer 36

False; maybe chronic if they dont have mets

Question 37

True or false; compression is a good modality to use on patients with sub acute or chronic staged cancers

Answer 37

True

Question 38

True or false; TENS is an appropriate modality to use on cancer patients in every phase

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What are 3 modifiable risk factors associated with breast cancer?

Answer 39

Alcohol Obesity Physical activity

Question 40

What are some ways to prevent breast cancer?

Answer 40

Diet Exercise Reduce alcohol Control weight

Question 41

What are some co-morbidities associated with breast cancer?

Answer 41

``` HTN CAD DM COPD Previous cancers ```

Question 42

What are some considerations for exercise in a patient with breast cancer ?

Answer 42

* Need to get the arm and shoulder moving * Must maintain mobility even if no surgery was done and the patient is undergoing radiation * Use caution where drains or stitches are still in place * Start the day after surgery active movement * Elevate as necessary especially the first post op week * Resistance exercises can start at 4-6 weeks

Question 43

What are some appropriate exercises 1-4 weeks after a mastectomy?

Answer 43

* Active exercises holding at end range when starting to feel a stretch 5 second hold and 5-7 reps. * Examples: supine wand shoulder flexion, supine pectoral stretch * Seated: scapula exercises with arm supported on the table, side bending * Standing: chest wall stretch, wall climbing

Question 44

What are some appropriate exercises 4-6 weeks after a mastectomy?

Answer 44

* Resistance training specific to the patient’s needs | * Aerobic program