Canada Flashcards
When did Canada get Vitis Vinfiera?
1970s
When did last province repeal prohibition
1929 (Nova Scotia)
Moratorium on new wine licenses ended in
- Only 6 wineries at that point
What winery launched Canada’s reputation for Ice Wine? Where are they based?
Inniskillin. Niagara-on-the-Lake
In Canada, what happened in 1988?
1988 Canada signed freetrade with US. Canada producer refocused on quality to compete in domestic market & gov-sponsored vine pull scheme led to more vinifera. VQA launched in Ontario (not folowed yet). VQA mandatory in Ontario, optional in BC.
What is the VQA, when did the act come in, and when was it followed in Ontario?
Ontario: VQA – Vinters Quality Allicnce Act 1988, became followed in 1999
VQA rules
All of the below wines must be produced from 100% Ontario grapes, and must be labeled with a Geographic Indication and the “VQA” seal. For wines further labeled by viticultural area (i.e Niagara Peninsula), 85% of the grapes must be grown in the stated area. For wines further labeled by sub-viticultural area (i.e. Niagara River), 100% of the grapes must be grown in the stated sub-viticultural area. All ONtario VQA wines must have vintage except sparkling (min 85% of that year)
Authorized VQA Wine Categories:
Table Wine
Wine
Icewine (no chaptalization)
Botrytized Wine
Totally Botrytized Wine
Late Harvest Wine (no chaptalization)
Select Late Harvest Wine
Special Select Late Harvest Wine
Vin de Curé: dried grape wine
Nouveau Red: partial carbonic maceration is required
Blanc de Noirs: still white wine in which a min. 85% red grapes must be used
Fortified Wine
Liqueur Wine
Sparkling Wine
Effervescent Wine
Icewine Dosage: Sparkling wine for which a min. 10% Icewine is added as dosage, with a min. 20 g/l of residual sugar
Sparkling Icewine
Icewine requirements?
Icewine must be produced from Vitis vinifera varieties (usually riesling) or Vidal Blanc.
Grapes used for icewine must be naturally frozen on the vine, and harvested while temperatures are no higher than -8° C.
Cryo-extraction or other means of artificial concentration are prohibited.
Sweet Reserve (süssreserve) may be added at a max. 15%, provided it has the same minimum must weight as the icewine.
Ontario Icewine has a minimum residual sugar level of 100 g/l. (125 g/l prior to 2014.)
BC 1990?
BC: Wines of Marked Quality Regulation (1990)
VQA includes all Wine of Distinction plus?
Icewine
Sparkling Icewine
Late Harvest Wine
Select Late Harvest Wine
Special Select Late Harvest Wine
Vin de Curé Wine: dried grape wine
Meritage: red and white blends of 2 or more Bordeaux varieties (no variety may exceed 90% of the blend)
Is cryo-extraction allowed for icewine?
No
What parallel is BC on?
49th
5 BC VQA DVAs
Vancouver Island, Fraser Valley, Similkameen Valley, Gulf Islands, Okanagan Valley
What BC icewine preceded Inniskillin?
Hanlie’s icewine
Mission Hill makes up what percentage of BC’s wine?
20%
BC VQA has how many GIs and how many Sub-geographical Indications
9 + 11
What are BC’s GIs
Vancouver Island, Gulf Islands, Fraser Valley, Lillooet, Thompson Valley, Shuswap, Okanagan valley, Similkameen Valley, Kootenays
What are BC’s 11 Sub-GIs
Cowichan Valley, Golden Mile, Naramata Bench, Okanagan Falls, Skaha Bench, Lake Country, South Kelowna Slopes, East Kelowna Slopes, Summerland Bench, Summerland Lakefront, Summerland Valleys
Ontario Latitude?
41-44
Ontario wine appellations?
Niagara Peninsula, Lake Erie North Shore, Prince Edward County
Lake Erie North Shore sub appellation?
Souith island
Does Prince Edward County have sub-appelations?
No
Niagara Penninsula regional appelations and sub appleations
Niagara-on-the-Lake: Niagara River, Niagara Lakeshore, Four Mile Creek, St. David’s Bench
Niagara Escarpment: Short Hills Bench, Beamsville Bench, Twenty Mile Bench, Lincoln Lakeshore, Creek Shores, Vinemount Ridge
Niagara key producers
Key Producers: Cave Spring, Flat Rock Cellars, Tawse, Creekside, Chateau Des Charmes, Featherstone, Stratus
Niagara soil
variable clay, silt and sand on limestone bedrock
