Australia Flashcards
What 2 orgs played a large role in Australian wine
CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization) & The Australian Wine Reserach Insitute (both based in Adelaide)
When did vines arrive in Australia?
1788 from Britain
Phylloxera was contained but decimated what Australian region?
Victoria
Drought vintages
2003, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009. Questions about sustainability. 2009 brush fires
Name the producers:
Grange
Hill of Grace
Octavius
Astralis
RunRig
Penfold’s
Henschke’s
Yalumba’s
Claredon Hill’s
Torbreck’s
Explain Aussie GIs
Geographical Indications; variety, vintage, region min 85% of all three
State>Zone>Region>Sub-region.
listed on on register of protected names.Australia’s appellations are geographic in scope; no restrictions on variety, yield, etc. Within each state, appellations are divided into subdivided into zones, regions, sub-region. Region/sub-region = single tracts of land, comprising at least 5 independent owned vineyards, of 5ha a piece, min output of 500 tons annually.
-Blending can occur across state lines. Wines can also be labeled with state or country.
-Varietal 85% min for solo label. If 75% >Semillon + 25% Sauvignon. “Semillon sauvignon blanc”
-Vintage 85% min for solo label. If 75% 2005 + 25% 2006. “2005 +2006” Must list !00% of vintages if multiple claimed.
-GI min 85% min for solo label. If 83% Barossa, 13% Heathcote, 4% Pemberton. “Barossa + Heathcote”. Must be more than 5% to be on lable. Max number of GIs claimed is 3.
What are Super Zones
Allow to blend.
South Eastern Australia (Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania, South quarter of South Australia, Southeast corner of Queensland)
and
Adelaide Gi Super Zone (Barossa, Mount Lofty Ranges, Fleurieu)
Victoria Zones?
Central Victoria, Gippsland, North East Victoria, North West Victoria, Port Phillip, Western Victoria
Central Victoria Regions?
Bendigo, Heathcote, Goulburn Valley, Strathbogie Ranges, Upper Goulburn
What Central Victoria Region has a subregion? What is it?
Goulburn Valley > Nagambie Lakes (oldest Marsanne vines in the world)
Heathcote is known for
Excellent Shiraz + Sparkling
North East Victoria Regions?
Alpine Valleys, Beechworth, King Valley, Glenrowan, Rutherglen
North West Victoria Regions?
Murray darling, Swan Hill
Port Phillip Regions?
Geelong, Macedon Ranges, Mornington Peninsula, Sunbury, Yarra Valley
Port Phillip Regions explained?
Westertn Victoria Regions?
Grampians, Henty, Pyrenees
What Western Victoria Region has a Subregion? What is it?
Grampians > Great Western
Hunter is known for
-Flat river valley running east from Bokenback Mountain to coast
-Lower Hunter: sparkling history. Subtropic, warm w high humidity, rain, wind
-60% white: Semilloin (South) or Hunter RIesling. Semillon can age 20 years.
-Verdelho (portugese) also popular – aromatic, tropical
-Broke Fordwich – oldest Verdelho planting, dynamic Semillon wines from sandy alluvial soil
-Shiraz + Cab sav = most important reds. SHiraz can age 20 year.
Southern Australia Zones?
Adelaide, Barossa, Far North, Fleurieu, Limestone Coast, Lower Murray, Mount Lofty Ranges, The Peninsulas
Barossa Regions?
Barossa Valley, Eden Valley
Eden Valley subregion?
High Eden
Far North Regions?
Southern Flinders Ranges
Fleurieu regions?
Currency Creek, McClaren Vale, Kangaroo island, Southern Fleurieu, Langhorn Creek
Limestone Coast Regions?
Coonawarra, Mount Benson, Padthaway, Wrattonbully, Robe
Lower Murray regions?
Riverland
Mount Lofty Ranges regions?
Adelaide Hilla, Adelaide Plaines, Clare Valley
Adelaide Hills subregions?
Lenswood, Picadilly Valley
Queensland region
Granite Belt, South Burnett
South bernett has a reputation for?
Verdelho
Granite Belt about
high altitude. Climate influenced by Gt Dividing Rage
Western Australia Zones
Western PLains, Central Western Australia, Eastern Plains, Inland & North of Western Australia, Grreater Perth, South West Australia, West Australian South East Coast
Greater Perth Regions?
Peel, Perth Hill, Swan Distirct
Swan District subs?
Swan Valley
South Western Australia regions?
Margaret RIver, Great Southern, Blackwood Valley, Geographe, Pemberton, Manjimup
Great Southern subs?
Albany, Denmark, Frankland Rivers, Mount Barker, Porogurup
Tasmania Zones?
Only one zone with no regions. Areas are referred to as East Coast Tasmania, North Tasmania South Tasmania
North Tas sub?
Tamar Valley, Pipers River
South Tas subs?
Coal River, Huon River
Tasm producers
Producers:
North – Pipers Brook Vineyard, Tamar Ridge, Jansz, Bay of Fries/House of Arras, Rosevears Estate
South – Domaine A, Elsewhere Vineyard, Stefano Lubian
Heathcote is known for?
Shiraz and sparkling
Gelnrowan is known for?
Topaque sweet fortified muscadelle grapes
Rutherglen is knwon for
-Topaque sweet fortified from Brown Muscat (a petits grains rouge) Rancio character
-Muscat of Rutherglen Network: 4-tired classification system producers classify
What is rutherglens classification
Rutherglen Muscat
foundation of the style
average 3-5 years
rs 180-240 g/L
Classic Rutherglen Muscat
greater level of concentration, complexity and tertiary aromas
average 6-10 years
rs 200-280 g/L
Grand Rutherglen Muscat
even greater concentration and complexity from blending both young and mature wines
average 11-19 years
rs 270-400 g/L
Rare Rutherglen Muscat
bottled in tiny volumes
pinnacle of Rutherglen Muscat
min average 20 years
rs 270-400 g/L
Define:
-Apera=
-Tawny=
-Fortified=
-Apera=Sherry
-Tawny=Port
-Fortified=Dessert Wine
Yarra valley is known for?
Best Chardonnay in Australia
Murray Darling and Swan Hill are known for?
More Continental; Large dinurial
-Hot. Irrigation essential
-Industrial Chardonnay + Shiraz
MArgaret River explained?
-Unofficial subs: Yallingup, Carunup, Wilyabrup, Treeton, Wallcliffe, Karridale
-Most acclaimed in state
-Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Shiraz, bordeaux style
-Chardonnay, Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc
-Maritime climate
-Producers: Cullen, Vasse Felix, Leeuwin Estate, Cape Mentelle
Barossa exlpained?
Subregions (unofficial): Gomersol/Rosedale, Southern Barossa Valley (Lyndoch/Williamstown), Rowland Flat District, Barossa Foothills (Vine Vale), Light Pass/Stockwell, Northern Barossa Valley, Western Ridge (Greenock/Seppeltsfield), Stonewell/Central Tanunda)
-Soil: Low-fertile clay loam + sandy soils
-Most important Shiraz
-Also great Cab Sav + Riesling.
-150 year old vine: Consistent not better
-South West winds. VInes push to NEast. Barossa Ranges on Eastern border
-Shiraz: Opaque, dense, heavily extracted, dark fruit, chocolate. American Oak hogshead (300L) + French Barriques. Co fermented with Viognier more pop(like Cote Rotie style)– brightens + fixes color.
-Penfold’s “Grange” Barossa fruit. Torbeck, Pete Lehman, Rockford – Source for fruit
-Eutypa Dieback. Spur butt underneath, cane butt on top. Smaller + less cuts. Powder +downy mildews
Barossa old vine explained?
-Old vine chart:
-Old vine 35 years
-Survivor vine 75 years
-Centenarian vine 100 years
-Ancestor vine 125 years
Eden explained?
-Sub: High Eden
-Variable loamy sand + clay loams, some quarts + gravel.
-Riesling + Chardonnay (+ Viognier, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon)
-Diverse climate
-Producers: Yalumba, Pewset Vale, Henschke (“Hill of Grace Shiraz + Riesling and precurser “Mount Edelstone” Shiraz
-pH Younger to older vines. Depends on soil type but Pinot Noir 3.8 to 3.5.
Eden explained?
-Sub: High Eden
-Variable loamy sand + clay loams, some quarts + gravel.
-Riesling + Chardonnay (+ Viognier, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon)
-Diverse climate
-Producers: Yalumba, Pewset Vale, Henschke (“Hill of Grace Shiraz + Riesling and precurser “Mount Edelstone” Shiraz
-pH Younger to older vines. Depends on soil type but Pinot Noir 3.8 to 3.5.
Barossa old vine explained?
-Old vine chart:
-Old vine 35 years
-Survivor vine 75 years
-Centenarian vine 100 years
-Ancestor vine 125 years
McLaren Vale explained?
-Warmest
-Cab sav, Rhone varietals.
-Shiraz, Grenache, Mourvedre (Mataro) – rich, textural full body, jam or dried flavors. BLended, some varietal grenache
-Producers: D;Arenberg’s “Dead Arm” Shiraz, Yangarra’s “High Sands” Grenache, Drew Noon’s Grenache-based “Eclipse”, Dry-framed Claredon Hills’ “Astrails” Shiraz,
-Extremly old low lying vines.
Coonawarra explained?
-Cool, maritime influenced
-Best Cabernet Sauvignon
-Elegant, soft tannins, red fruit, eucalyptus
-Wynns’ “John Riddoch + Parker Estate’s “First Growth”
-Long even growing season, cool cloud cover. Spring frost. Flat but slight ridge + well drained red “Terra rossa” topsoil = Great for cab sav
Clare Valley explained?
-Unofficial subs: Auburn, Sevenhill, Clare, Watervale + Polish Hill River
-Limestone, broken slate. Piercing dry riesling – lime candy, petrol, tropical, higher abv than old world
-Producer: Grosset
-Warmer continental
-Reds+ age worthy Riesling
-Higher-altitude, west-facing slopes, cooled by afternoon breezes and low nightime temps
What Gulf is next to Adelaide?
St Vincent
