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Canada Flashcards

1
Q

How many ha are under vine in Canada?

A

12500

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2
Q

What two provinces produce most of the wine in Canada?

A
  • Ontario

- British Columbia

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3
Q

What is Canada most famous for internationally?

A

Ice Wine

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4
Q

What is the name of the appellation system in Canada?

A

VQA - Vintners Quality Alliance

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5
Q

Did Canada also suffer from prohibition?

A

Yes, from 1916 to 1927

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6
Q

What is the general climate for Canada?

A

Cool Continental

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7
Q

What is the climate for Ontario and B.C.?

A

Extreme continental, with day times highs reach 30°C/86°F during the summers and -20°C/-4°F

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8
Q

Why are most of the vineyards in Canada planted near lakes?

A

For the moderating affects of the lakes like:

  • Reducing the risk of winter freezes,
  • Warming up slower and delaying bud break in the spring till after the majority of the frost threat has passed.
  • Retaining the summer warmth to help extend the growing season
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9
Q

What is one of the drawbacks of having vineyards planted by a lake?

A

The increased humidity which can lead to more fungal risk

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10
Q

What is an important part of the vineyard work that goes into play with vineyards so close to the lakes?

A

Having an open canopy is one of, if not the most important part of vineyard management as this can cut down on the fungal disease pressure in the vineyard

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11
Q

What is the main vine training method used in Canada?

A

VSP

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12
Q

What are the main vineyard pest in Canada?

A
  • Moths
  • Mealy Bugs
  • Leafhoppers
  • Birds
  • Deer
  • Bears
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13
Q

What is the typical growing season in Canada?

A

Budbreak might be as late as May and harvest starts by late August, going as late as November

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14
Q

How long can the grapes be on the wine before they are picked for Ice Wine?

A

February of the following year

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15
Q

British Colombia sits between two mountain ranges, causing the region to be drier than others. But can British Colombia use irrigation?

A

Yes, drip irrigation is also the most common form of Irrigation

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16
Q

Hybrid grape varieties accounted for how much of the total harvest in 2018

A

40%

17
Q

What is the most important french hybrid in Canada?

A

Vidal Blanc

18
Q

Production regulations for Ice wine state that the grapes must be harvest at what temperature?

A

-8°C/-18°F

19
Q

Due to the high levels of sugar in the must, fermentation generally stops at what abv, and what is the final residual sugar level?

A
  • 9-11% abv

- 200-250 g/L (100 min)

20
Q

Aside from Vidal, what grapes are used to create Ice Wine?

A
  • Riesling
  • Cab Franc
  • Chardonnay
  • Gewurztraminer
21
Q

What are the normal fermentation and ageing vessels for ice wine?

A

Stainless Steel

22
Q

Ice wine made up ___% of volume in exports, but __% of value in exports

A
  • 13%

- 58%

23
Q

True or False,

VQA wines must be made exclusively with grapes from their respective regions, and they can be made from any grapes?

A

False!

While it is true that the grapes all must come from the region the wine is made in, the wines either must be made from all vinifera grapes, or from certain permitted hybrids

24
Q

VQA wines with a single variety on the label must contain __% of that grape

A

85%

25
Q

If two or more varieties are listed on a VQA wine they must make up __% of the blend

A

95%

26
Q

Name the largest wine producing region in Canada

A

Ontario

27
Q

The majority of the vineyards are planted on or near the shores of what two lakes

A
  • Ontario

- Erie

28
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in Ontario

A

Vidal Blanc

29
Q

What are the two most planted white varieties in Ontario

A
  • Chardonnay

- Riesling

30
Q

What are the 4 main black varieties planted in Ontario?

A
  • Cab Franc
  • Merlot
  • Pinot Noir
  • Gamay Noir
31
Q

What are the 3 appellations within Ontario?

A
  • Niagara Peninsula
  • Lake Eire North Shore
  • Prince Edward County
32
Q

The Niagara Peninsula accounts for __% of the vineyards in Ontario

A

80%

33
Q

How far apart are British Colombia and Ontario

A

~4,000km

34
Q

What appellations are found in British Colombia?

A
  • Okanagan Valley
  • Similkameen Valley
  • Vancouver Island
  • Gulf Islands
  • Fraser Valley
35
Q

How much of the vineyard area was removed due to the vine pull scheme in the 1980s?

A

2/3s

36
Q

What are the main black varieties in B.C.?

A
  • Merlot
  • Pinot Noir
  • Cab Sauv
37
Q

What are the main white varieties in B.C.?

A
  • Pinot Gris (most planted)

- Chardonnay

38
Q

How much of the total plantings in B.C. are found in the Okanagan Valley?

A

85%

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