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CAM Flashcards

midterm

1
Q

goal of the mind-body techniques

A

to get the body and mind to relax and to reduce the levels of stress hormones so that your immune system is better able to fight off illness

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2
Q

mind - body techniques

A

can be helpful for many conditions because they encourage relaxation, improve coping skills, reduce tensions and pain, and lessen the need for medication

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3
Q

the key to mind body technique

A

is to train the mind to focus on the body without distraction
in this state of focused concentration, a person may be able to improve their health

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4
Q

some of the most commonly used techniques

A

-biofeedback
-cognitive behavioral therapy
-relaxation techniques

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5
Q

psychodynamic therapy

A

-derived from psychoanalysis and seeks to understand and resolve emotional conflicts that originate in the childhood relationships with patterns that repeat in adult in life

-often called interpretative therapy and expressive therapy

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6
Q

oral
0-1

A

-focused on oral activities- sucking, tasting

-addiction to smoking or eating- an oral fixation

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7
Q

anal
1-3

A

-focused on controlling bowels / bladder- toilet training

-anal retentive or anal repulsive

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8
Q

phallic
3-6

A

-focused on genitals and differences between sexes

-vanity, envy, passivity, confused identity

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9
Q

latent
6 - puberty

A

-peer / social relationships and gender roles

-critical stage to develop social skills and confidence

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10
Q

genital
puberty - adult

A

-sexual desires and urges directed toward others

-transfer of fixations from earlier stages

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11
Q

behavioral therapy

A

emphasizes on changing specific behavior by stopping what what has been reinforcing it or by replacing it with more desirable response

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12
Q

cognitive therapy

A

-emphasizes the habitual thoughts that underlie those habits
-effective for treating depression and low self esteem
-action oriented form of psychosocial therapy that assumes that maladaptive, or faulty, thinking patterns cause maladaptive behavior and negative emotions

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13
Q

thoughts

A

what we think affects how we feel and act

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14
Q

behaviors

A

what we do affects how we think and feel

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15
Q

emotions

A

what we feel affects how we think and act

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16
Q

systems therapy

A

-focuses on relationship patterns, either in couples, between parents and children or within the whole family
-works well for a troubled marriage or intense conflicts between parents and children

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17
Q

body oriented therapy

A

hypothesizes that emotions are encoded in and may be expressed as tension and restriction in various parts of the body

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18
Q

meditation

A

-Latin meaning to cure or to measure
-self directed practice for the goal of relaxing and calming the mind and body
-used to calm mental activity, endless thoughts and ways of reacting to ones circumstances
-to calm and release the distractions from the mind for the purpose of opening up and awakening to our true inner natures

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19
Q

common elements of meditation

A

-a quiet location
-a specific comfortable posture
-focus of attention- may be breathing or a melody or tune
-an open attitude- don’t get the distractions distract them

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20
Q

9 different types of meditation

A
  • mindfulness
    -spiritual
    -focused
    -movement
    -mantra
    -transcendal
    -progressive relaxation
    -loving, kindness
    -visualization
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21
Q

mindfulness meditation

A

-focuses more on thoughts that pass through your mind and being able to ignore/don’t mind or simply not be involved
-you observe and take note of specific patterns that come through your mind
-requires concentration with awareness to an object specifically while you observe your own sensations, thoughts and feelings
-beneficial for people who don’t have proper mentor to teach them

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22
Q

spiritual mediation

A

-practiced in Eastern religions- Hinduism, Daoism, and even Christianity
- similar as a prayer
-most people used essential oils to improve the experience
-for people seeking spiritual fulfilment

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23
Q

focused meditation

A

-focus one of the senses of your choice
-use of external influences like mala beads for counting, gongs for listening, or candle flame to stare at
-difficult for people with low attention span
-beneficial for people who needs to heighten their focus in life

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24
Q

3 types of meditation

A

focused attention= focusing on one thing

open awareness= focusing on everything

effortless presence= resting and letting it be

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25
Q

movement meditation

A

include walking through the woods, gardening, qigong, and other activities that involve a little or gentle movement

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26
Q

mantra meditation

A

-uses repetitive sounds or phrases to clear the mind
-may be either spoken quietly or loudly
-will make you more alert and in tune with the environment and get a deeper level of awareness

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27
Q

transcendal meditation

A

-one of the popular types of meditation that has been widely studied in the CAM community
- presents similarities with the mantra meditation
-you silently repeat a mantra in your head

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28
Q

crown chakra

A

spirituality, enlightenment

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29
Q

third eye chakra

A

awareness, intuition, thought

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30
Q

throat chakra

A

expression, communication

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31
Q

heart chakra

A

love, healing, acceptance

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32
Q

solar plexus chakra

A

power, vitality, manifestation

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33
Q

sacral chakra

A

sex, creativity, abundance

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34
Q

root chakra

A

survival, trust, grounding

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35
Q

progressive relaxation

A

-body scan meditation
-aims to decrease tension build up
-practiced by slowly tightening and relaxing on muscle group at a time throughout the body

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36
Q

loving-kindness meditation

A

-enhances or strengthens the feelings of emotions towards elf and other people
-you open your mind to receive love from others and then sending a series of well wishes to loved ones
-can be helpful to people who hold grudges, resentment or any negative feeling

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37
Q

visualization meditation

A

-enhances feelings of relaxation and calmness using your imagination
-teaches you to visualize positive scenes or images
-makes you incorporate all your senses to create a detailed image in your head
-can also be linked to visualizing your future goals in life manifesting into reality
-invites you to imagine something or picture in your mind- replace the breath with an image as the thing of focus

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38
Q

benefits of meditation

A

-Meditation has been associated to decreasing
levels of anxiety, depression, and stress. There are also studies that suggest that it improves emotional health, enhance your self-awareness, and lengthen your attention span
-may also decrease your blood pressure and reduce strain on the heart. This occurs because meditation is associated with nervous
system arousal and the activation of the stress response.

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39
Q

biologically based therapy/practices

A

-most controversial of CAM therapies
-many claims do not have evidence

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40
Q

herbal remedies

A

-uses roots, stems, leaves, flowers, or seeds to improve health, prevent disease, and treat illness
-people have been using it for thousand of years
-just because its natural, does not necessarily mean it is safe, so herbal remedies are not to be taken lightly

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41
Q

herbalism

A

-study and practice of using plant material for food, medicine and health promotion
-includes not only treatment of disease but also enhancement of quality of life, both physically and spiritually
-promote preventive care and guided simple treatment for the general population

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42
Q

herbalist

A

-someone who uses plants for healing
-these practitioners are not doctors, though some practitioners are also referred to as medical herbalists
-originally it is a person who is versed in the knowledge of herbs and plants- a collector and/or writer about plants (what we call now as botanists)
-now it is referred to as writers about plants as well as persons who use alternative medicine therapy

43
Q

herbarium

A

Latin: hortus siccus
-collection of plant samples preserved for long term study
-usually in the form of dried and pressed plants mounted on paper

44
Q

herb

A

plant whose leaves, stems, roots could be used as food or medicine, or for scent (perfume) or flavor (spice)

45
Q

3 physiologic effects rendered by a given plant

A

-a direct pharmacologic effect based on the presence of active ingredient
-nonspecific physiologic effects such as the effect methylxanthines in coffee, tea or cacao
-symbolic effects (cultural significance) placebo

46
Q

interact with aspirin

A

-bromelain
-cayenne
-chamomile

47
Q

interact with corticosteroids

A

-akie
-ephedra
-ginseng
-licorice

48
Q

interact with CNS depressants

A

-kava
-st. johns wort
-valerian

49
Q

enhances risk of bleeding

A

-chamomile
-horse chestnut
-fenugreek

50
Q

ginseng

A

can produce hypoglycemia

51
Q

ephedra

A

may lead to cardiovascular instability

52
Q

ginkgo

A

-one of the oldest tree species, also one the of the oldest homeopathic plants and key herb in chinese medicine
-leaves are used to create capsules, tablets, and extracts, and when dried, can be consumed as a tea
- boost brain health

53
Q

ginkgo could be beneficial for

A

dementia
alzheimer’s disease
eye health
inflammation
diabetes
bone healing
anxiety
depression

54
Q

long term use of ginkgo

A

-may increase chance of thyroid and liver cancer
-known to be hard on the liver
-can interact with blood thinners
-seeds are poisonous if ingested

55
Q

side effects of ginkgo

A

headache
upset stomach
dizziness
allergic reactions

56
Q

turmeric

A

-originating in India
-believed to have anti cancer properties and can prevent DNA mutations
-anti inflammatory, and has been used topically for people with arthritis
-used worldwide in cooking ingredient
-anti oxidant rich

57
Q

turmeric could be beneficial for

A

-pain caused by inflammatory diseases like arthritis
-preventing cancer
-stopping DNA mutations
several skin diseases

58
Q

long term use of turmeric

A

can cause stomach problems

59
Q

turmeric has low bioavailability

A

consume with pepper to help your body absorb more of its benefits

60
Q

evening primrose oil

A

-thought to alleviate the symptoms of PMS and skin conditions
-known to help with conditions with atopic dermatitis and diabetic neuropathy
-can also help with other health concerns such as breast pain
-improve the quality of life for patients with multiple sclerosis
-changing hormones and insulin sensitivity in those dealing with polycystic ovary syndrome
-used topically to improve dermatitis
-PCOS
-blood pressure

61
Q

evening primrose oil interactions

A

-interacts with some blood clotting medications
-safety during pregnancy is uncertain\may interfere with drug absorption during HIV treatment
-interacts with lithium for bipolar disorder
-long term use may not be safe

62
Q

sambong

A

diuretic

63
Q

akapulko

A

anti fungal

64
Q

niyog niyogan

A

chinese honey suckle
-anti helmintic

65
Q

tsaang gubat

A

anti diarhea

66
Q

ampalaya

A

lowers blood sugar level

67
Q

lagundi

A

asthma, cough

68
Q

ulasimong bato

A

uric acid

69
Q

bawang

A

hypertension

70
Q

bayabas

A

anti septic

71
Q

yerba buena

A

cough and cold, menstrual and gas pain

72
Q

manipulative and body based methods MBM

A

-manipulation or movement of one or more parts of the body
-addresses structural imbalances of the bones and joints, soft tissues, circulatory and lymphatic system

73
Q

hilot

A

-according to PITAHC- art and science of the ancient filipino healing traditions that are based on the concept of balance among the physical elements along with the mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects of a person
-use of manipulations and massages that help in the prevention of disease and the restoration and maintenance of ones health and well being
- makes use of medicinal plants and bulong/orasyon

74
Q

hilot therapist

A

manghihilot or albularyo trained in massage and body mind connections

75
Q

benefits of hilot

A

balance and harmony
relieves stress
improved circulation
enhanced lifestyle
promotes overall wellness

76
Q

health conditions commonly treated with hilot

A

-muscle tension
-stress
-post pregnancy recovery

77
Q

chiropractic medicine

A

-a licensed healthcare professional that emphasizes or focuses on the body’s ability to heal itself
-mainly involves manual therapy, often which includes spinal manipulations
-focuses on the relationships between the body’s main structures and skeleton, the muscles and the nerves, and the health of the patient

78
Q

chiropractors

A

have a principle that health can be improved and preserved by making adjustments to the bones and joints mainly the spinal column

79
Q

osteopathy

A

-practice that detects, treats and prevents health problems by moving and massaging a persons muscle and joints
-believes that the overall wellbeing of an individual depends on their bones, muscles, ligaments, and connective tissue functioning smoothly together
-drug free, non invasive manual therapy that aims to improve health across all body systems by manipulating and strengthening the framework of the musculoskeletal system

80
Q

uses of osteopathy

A

arthritis
foot, ankle, hip and knee pain
headaches
back and neck pain, sciatica
tennis and golfer’s elbow
postural problem due to pregnancy, sports injury, driving or work strain or digestive issues
neuralgia

81
Q

chiroprator

A

-can also treat the back, but their focus is more on the position of the spine and the joints
-more likely to pop and crack the joints
-focus is on specific problem area

82
Q

osteopath doctors

A

-does not often pop and crack
-looks at the body as a whole
-medical doctors with specialized training in the fact growing approach to the healing and wellness

83
Q

massage therapy

A

-manipulation of body tissues to promote wellness and reduce pain and stress
-plays an important role in management of illnesses or chronic ailment and contributes to a higher sense of general well being
-involves a variety of techniques such as stroking or kneading for applying pressure to specific points
-may cause side effects and should not be used for people who have infectious or contagious skin disease

84
Q

types of massage therapy

A

deep tissue
Swedish
trigger point
shiatsu

85
Q

deep tissue massage

A

best suited for athletes, runners and people with injuries

86
Q

Swedish massage

A

aims to promote relaxation by releasing muscle tension
gentler than deep tissue massage

87
Q

trigger point massage

A

-aka neuromuscular therapy
- consists of alternating levels of concentrated pressure on the areas of muscle pain

88
Q

shiatsu massage

A

traditional Japanese healing art that applies firm finger pressure on the specific points to increase circulation of vital energy

89
Q

reflexology

A

-application of pressure to different areas on the feet and hands
-certain areas of the foot corresponds to organs and systems of the body
-pressure applied to the foot is believed to bring relaxation and healing corresponding area of the body

90
Q

benefits of reflexology

A

alleviate or improve the state of:
-stress and anxiety
-pain
-mood
-well being

91
Q

reflexology is generally safe, however, always ask the physician if the patient has any medical condition such as

A

circulatory problems in the lower extremities
inflamed leg veins or clotted veins
gout
fungal infections
open wounds
thyroid problems
epilepsy
low platelet count

92
Q

energy therapy
therapeutic touch

A

-form of complimentary and alternative medicine based on the belief that vital energy flows through the human body
-the energy is said to be balanced or made stronger by practitioners who passed their hands over, or gently touch, a patient’s body
-the end goal of this practice is to help people relax, relieve their pain, and help them heal faster
-promote healing through restoring harmony to a persons energy fields
-used in many settings mainly hospice care

93
Q

why use therapeutic touch

A

-People use this form of therapy to reduce pain. Ease tense muscles, speed healing and even improve sleep.
-It is also used to help people who have pain or discomfort from cancer or other diseases.

94
Q

Therapeutic touch is based on the following
assumptions:

A
  1. The human being is an open energy
    system composed of layers of energy
    that are in constant interaction with
    self, others and the environment.
  2. Illness is an imbalance in an individual’s
    energy field.
  3. Clearing or balancing the energy field
    promotes health.
  4. All humans have natural abilities to heal
    and enhance the healing in others.
95
Q

human emanations
gas discharge visualization

A

a sick person: breaks in the aura, immunity impaired due to unhealthy lifestyle, huge waste of psychic energy
a healthy person: even emanations, no defects
a sick person: uneven distribution of energies due to improper use of psychic energy

96
Q

magnetic therapy

A
  • The human body and the earth produce electric and magnetic fields. Electromagnetic fields can also be technologically produced, such as radio and television waves.
  • Practitioners of magnetic field therapy believe that interactions between the body, the earth, and other electromagnetic fields cause physical emotional changes in humans.
97
Q

Practitioners apply magnetic field therapy to
the outside of the body. The magnets may be:

A
  1. Electrically charged, to deliver electrical
    pulses to the affected area
  2. Used with acupuncture needles, to treat
    energy pathways in the body.
  3. Static (not electrically charged) and
    stationary on the treated for periods of
    time, to deliver continuous treatment.
98
Q

Electrically charged magnetic
therapy

A

Also called electromagnetic therapy – the
magnets you use here have an electrical charge.
Treatment with electromagnetic therapy
usually comes through an electric pulse.

99
Q

Magnetic therapy with acupuncture

A

magnets go on the same sections of your skin
that an acupuncturist would probably focus on
in an acupuncture session.
It can be heard that these areas are called your energy pathways or channels.

100
Q

Static magnetic field therapy

A

you touch the magnet directly to the skin. This type can also be the individual wearing a magnetic bracelet or other magnetized jewelry. It can be incorporated to other
types of clothing or even in your beddings

101
Q

magnetic therapy, how it works?

A

The body has naturally magnetic and
electric fields. All of an individual’s
molecules have a small amount of
magnetic energy in them.

The assumption behind magnetic field
therapy is that certain diseases arises
because the magnetic field is out of
balance.

It is believed that putting a magnet near
the body will change the fields back to
normal.

102
Q

magnetic therapy, what it’s used for?

A

Most magnetic therapy sessions are intended for different types of pain. Prominently in the feet and the back.

Experts have specifically studied its use for:

  • Fibromyalgia pain
  • Headaches
  • Insomnia
  • Wound healing
  • Arthritis pain
103
Q

magnetic therapy, Is it safe?

A

Very few studies have been published regarding this type of complementary or alternative form of practice. Young
children and pregnant women should not use this therapy as there are few evidences to back this up.

People who have device implants should also avoid this therapy as it can affect the function of the device.

bspharma2 (17 decks)

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