CAD Flashcards
CAD
Any disease or process that causes abnormalities in the coronary vessels
2 types of CAD
Atherosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis
Hardening of the arteries due to calcium deposit accumulating in walls of the vessels
Arteriosclerosis leads to?
HTN and AAA
Atherosclerosis
Accumulation of the fatty material (Cholesterol) in the lumen (Intima and Media)
Left anterior decending artery is known as?
widow maker
Complications of CAD
Hypertension Angina Acute MI Arrhythmias Aneurysm CVA/TIA Heart Failure Cardiogenic Shock Syncope Myocardial enlargement
Injury
Tissue damage, some functionality returns
Infarction
Tissue death (4-6min) never function
Angina
Transient myocardial ischemia.
O2 demands exceed the blood supply
More prone to MI
Women, diabetics, age
Angina duration
usually lasts for about 3-5minutes
Chest discomfort special ?’s
Nausea/vomiting, dizziness, syncope, SOB
Angina due to spasm of coronary artery. #1 cause= exposure to cold
Prinzmetal
STEMI
ST elevation myocardial infarction
Silent MI
10-20% have no pain
common in diabetics
STEMI centers (cath lab)
Alvarado Balboa Palomar Sharp Chula Vista Sharp Memorial Sharp Grossmont Try-City UCSD Hillcrest/Thornton Scripps Mercy Scripps memorial La Jolla Scripps memorial Encinitas Scripps Mercy Chula Vista
goal for MI
overall <3hrs from onset of pain
non STEMI
2/3 of cardiac patients, no ST elevation
Pericardial Tamponade
accompanied by pulsus paradoxus
Pulsus Alternous
Pulse alternates strong weak
left ventricle systolic impairment
