cachexia, sarcopenia

Question 1

caloric restriction commonly triggers two biological adaptations that ‘defend the bodyweight set point’

Answer 1

1. reduce total energy expenditure

2. increased hormonal stimulation of hunger

Question 2

avoid refined carbs but include fiber and protein

Answer 2

yep

Question 3

complex wasting syndrome characterized by unintentional edema-free weight loss, anorexia, inflammation and abnormal biochemistry including low albumin

Answer 3

cardiac cachexia

Question 4

component of the cachexia syndrome, characterized by age-related decline in lean muscle mass and function

Answer 4

sarcopenia

Question 5

cachexia definition

Answer 5

5-10% unintentional edema-free weight loss in prior 12 months or BMI <20kg/m

Question 6

prevalence of malnutrition in HF highly dependent upon the diagnostic tool used

Answer 6

yep

Question 7

gold standard for assessment of body composition

Answer 7

DXA and skeletal muscle ultrasound

Question 8

suppresses protein synthesis

Answer 8

myostatin