C8 Making Salts From Acids And Bases Flashcards
Preparation of crystals of a soluble salt aim
To prepare pure, dry hydrated copper(II) sulfate crystals starting from copper oxide.
Copper sulfate crystals experiment equipment
. Spatula . Evaporating basin . Bunsen burner . Water bath . Conical flask . Filter . Glass rod . Beaker . Measuring cylinder
Copper sulfate crystals experiment method
- Place some sulfuric acid in a beaker and warm it in a water bath.
- Add a spatula of copper(II) oxide powder to the acid and stir with a glass rod.
- Continue adding copper(II) oxide powder until it is in excess
filter the mixture to remove the excess copper(II) oxide. - Pour the filtrate (the copper(II) sulfate solution) into an evaporating basin.
- Heat the copper(II) sulfate solution to evaporate half the water.
- Pour the solution into an evaporating basin and leave to allow all the water to evaporate.
Copper sulfate crystals experiment results
Hydrated copper(II) sulfate crystals should be blue and regularly shaped.
Copper sulfate crystals experiment: explain why the sulfuric acid is warmed in step 1.
Warm acid will react faster than cold acid.
Copper sulfate crystals experiment: List 3 hazards, their harm and precautions
Hazard - Sulfuric acid
Harm - Sulfuric acid is corrosive and damages skin and clothes
Precaution - Wear eye protection and gloves
Hazard - Boiling water bath
Harm - Skin burns
Precaution Ensure the boiling water bath is stable on the gauze
Hot copper(II) sulfate solution spitting out during evaporation
Hazard - Damage to eyes and skin
Harm - Wear eye protection and avoid standing over the hot apparatus
Naming salts
The name of a salt has two parts. The first part comes from the metal, metal oxide or metal carbonate. The second part comes from the acid:
hydrochloric acid produces chloride salts
nitric acid produces nitrate salts
sulfuric acid produces sulfate salts