C10 Electrolysis Of Molten Solutions

Question 1

Electrolytes

Answer 1

Ionic compounds that are in the molten state (heated so they become liquids), or dissolved in water.

Question 2

Ions in a molten liquid are

Answer 2

free to move within the liquid or solution.

Question 3

Electrolysis

Answer 3

Electrolysis is a process in which electrical energy, from a direct current (dc) supply, breaks down electrolytes. The free moving ions in electrolytes are attracted to the oppositely charged electrodes which connect to the dc supply.

Question 4

Electrodes and ions

Answer 4

The negatively charged electrode in electrolysis is called the cathode. Positively charged ions move towards the cathode.
The positively charged electrode in electrolysis is called the anode. Negatively charged ions move towards the anode.

Question 5

What do ions gain/loose in electrolysis?

Answer 5

When ions reach an electrode, they gain or lose electrons. As a result, they form atoms or molecules of elements:
. positive ions gain electrons from the negatively charged cathode
. negative ions lose electrons at the positively charged anode

Question 6

Molten lead bromide, PbBr2(l), is an electrolyte. During electrolysis:

Answer 6

Pb2+ ions gain electrons at the cathode and become Pb atoms
Br- ions lose electrons at the anode and become Br atoms, which pair up to form Br2 molecules
So lead forms at the negative electrode and bromine forms at the positive electrode.

Question 7

Inert

Answer 7

Chemical substance that is stable and not generally reactive.

Question 8

Learn electrolysis picture in book

Answer 8

Check photos for answer