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GCSE AQA Chemistry > C5-Chemical Changes > Flashcards

C5-Chemical Changes Flashcards

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1
Q

Metal + acid

A

Salt + hydrogen

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2
Q

Metal oxide +acid

A

Salt +water

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3
Q

Metal hyroxide + acid

A

Salt +water

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4
Q

Metal carbonate+ acid

A

Salt+ water +carbon dioxide

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5
Q

When an acid reacts with a base, what occurs?

A

A neutralisation

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6
Q

What is a salt and hownis it formed?

A

A compound, when the hydrogen ions in an acid is wholly or partially replaced by metal ammonium ions

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7
Q

What is a base?

A

A metal oxide or hydroxide that can neutralise an acid to make a salt plus water

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8
Q

What are alkalines

A

Bases which are soluble in water(can be dissolved)

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9
Q

How do you know of something is an alkaki(opposite of an acid- a high pH)

A

if it ends in oxide or hydroxide

A base that is soluble in water

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10
Q

Do alkalines disolve in water

A

Yes

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11
Q

What are acids?

A

Substances that react with water to release H+ ions

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12
Q

How do you know the pH level of a substance?

A

The more H+ ions the more acidic the substance is

The more h+, the lower on the pH scale

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13
Q

How do we know if something is an acid

A

It will have H+ ions

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14
Q

How do we know if something is an alkaline?

A

It will have H- ions

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15
Q

Metal + water

A

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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16
Q

In terms of electrons, what is oxidation?

A

Loss of electrons

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17
Q

Im terms of electrons what is reduction?

A

Gain of electrons

18
Q

What is used to extract metals from their oxides and why?

A

Carbon because it is more reactive than most metals

19
Q

How are metals that are more reactive than carbon extracted?

A

Through electrolysis

20
Q

What is a salt?

A

A compound formed when the hydrogen in an acid is replaced with a metal

21
Q

What does hydrochloric acid produce when reacted with a metal

A

Salts that end in Chloride+ hydrogen

22
Q

When sulfuric acid reacts with a metal what does it produce?

A

Salts that end in sulfate + hydrogen

23
Q

Hydrochloric acid + magnesium?

A

Magnesium chloride + hydrogen

24
Q

Sulfuric acid + magnesium

A

Magnesium sulfate +hydrogen

25
Q

Why does Magnesium displace hydrogen from the acids?

A

Because it is more reactive than hydrogen

26
Q

What metals will displace hydrogen in acids to form metals chlorides/sulfates + hydrogen

A

Every metal I will get asked apart from Copper, silver, Gold and Platinium

27
Q

Acid + alkali

A

Salt + water

28
Q

What are indicators?

A

Substances which change colour when you add them to acids or alkalis

29
Q

What does the pH scale show?

A

How acidic a substance is

30
Q

What are substances that form H+ ions when added to water?

A

Acids

31
Q

What are substances that form OH- ions when added to water?

A

Alkalis

32
Q

How is the strength of an acid measured?

A

How fast CO2 is given off in reaction

33
Q

Strong acids _________ in a solution

A

Completely ionise

34
Q

What does ionise mean

A

Converted into ions

35
Q

What are the names of the three strong acids I need to know?

A

Hydrochloric acid
Nitric acid
Sulfuric acid

36
Q

What do weak acids do in aqeous solutions?

A

Partially ionise

37
Q

What three weak acids do i need to know?

A

Carbonic acid
Ethanolic acid
Citric acid

38
Q

What does the pH scale give us an idea off?

A

Concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)

39
Q

As the pH scale decreases by one unit………………

A

The concentration of hydrogen ions increase by ten times

40
Q

What does the concentration of a given acid tell us?

A

The amount of acid molecules in a given volume

GCSE AQA Chemistry (22 decks)

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