C5

Question 1

ethics

Answer 1

(moral philosophy) study of morality, one of the 3 major areas of philosophy

Question 2

epistemology

Answer 2

study of knowledge

Question 3

metaphysics

Answer 3

study of nature of reality

Question 4

moral philosophy

Answer 4

aka ethics

Question 5

professional ethics

Answer 5

focuses on the actions that are right and wrong in the the workplace are are of public matter; tell practiioners what they ought to do/what not to do

Question 6

research ethics

Answer 6

coomprises principles and standards that, along w/ undelrying values, guide appropriate conduct relevant to research decisions

Question 7

deontology (formalism or nonconsequentialism)

Answer 7

certain actions are inherently right or wrong w/o regard for their consequences

involve making decisions based on a moral code or rules

the end does not justify the means

Question 8

teleology (consequentialaism)

Answer 8

evaluate the moral status of an act by the goodness of the consequences

the end does justify the means

neither d nor t can answer all moral questions

Question 9

3 major areas of philosophy

Answer 9

ethics, epistemology, metaphysics

Question 10

Importance of acting ethically

Answer 10

provides a standard by which to live, brings meaning or purpose, and provides for a better society for all; right thing to do for society and self ; help guide our decision making and assist us in making better choices

personal: more advanced and has more fully developed personality and leads healhtier and more emotionally satsifying lives
professional: more effective programs; cements standig in community, allows them to occupy moral high ground

Question 11

Thiroux’s five principles that create common ground for all ethical theories

Answer 11

help provide a foundation for making ethical decisions

1) Value of life: most basic; w/o living human beings there can be no ethics “human beings should revere life and accept death”
2) principle of goodness (rightness): includes 2 parallel principles of ethics: 1) the principle of nonmaleficence (non-infliction of harm to others) and ( 2) the principle of beneficence or benolvence (principle of ding good, deonstrating kindess, showing compassion and helping others)

3) principle of justice(fairness): treating others fairly/justly in distributing goodness (benefits) and badness (burdens)
- -procedural justice deals w/ whether or not fair procedures were in place and if they were followed
- -distributive justice deals w/ allocation of resources

4) truth telling (honesty)
5) individual freedom (equality principle or princlpe of autonomy) : ppl must have the freedom to choose thier own ways and means of being moral w/in the framework of the other four basic principles; respect others for who they are and their choices

Question 12

moral sensitivity

Answer 12

being aware that an ethical problem exists and having an understanding of what impact different courses of action may have on the people involved

Question 13

Process for making ethical decisions

Answer 13

1) define problem, identify ethical issue(s), and seek answers to relevant questions
2) identify who will be affected by the decisions
3) contemplate ultimate goals and ideals of a moral person
4) identify alterantives (viable courses of action)
5) consider the probably consequences of each alternative
6) consider the nature of the alternatives
7) reflect on yourself
8) reflect on your society and environment
9) apply the categorical imperative
10) chose, act on your choice, and monitor and evaluate the results

Question 14

ethical dilemma

Answer 14

situation that forces a decision that invovles breaking some ethical norm or contradicting some ethical value

Question 15

Context of ethical decision making

Answer 15

when making ethical decisions, ppl must have a sense of the following:

1) place: be aware of the appropriateness of an action in a particular environment; one action may be appropriate in one setting but not in another
2) time: be aware of history leading up to the decsion and learn from past decisions
3) identity: how does this moral decision relate to me?
4) social relationships: be aware that making moral decisions will impact social relationships; not everyone will agree with your decision/action
5) ideal: when making a moral decision, aim for the most noble ideals of humanity
6) the concrete: never lose sight of the fact that choices arise from concrete events
7) seriousness: make decisions w/ an attitude that is appropriate to the sitiuation

Question 16

Ethical issues currently facing the profession of health education/promotion

Answer 16

1) obiligations and avaiblity of services: equality of opportunity for making professional services avaibale to all citizens
2) obligations btwn professionals and clients: professional is honest, loyal, and discrete; client keeps commitments and is trutful and does nto request unethical acts from teh professional
3) obligations to 3rd parties: issue of whetehr or not to share client info w/ family members of client
4) obligations btwn professionals and employers: obligation to obey employers is strong than an obligation to clients; acting only as authorized
5) obligations to the profession: conducting research, reforming profession and maintaintng respoect fo rprofession

p155

Question 17

confidentiality

Answer 17

exists when only those responible for conducting a program can link info about a participat w/ the individ and not reveal info to others

Question 18

consent

Answer 18

programs participants giving program staff consent to share their record/info; to submit to paritcular medical or other sercives, treament, research or program condiitons; and community members consenting to the location or operation of an intervention in their neighborhood

Question 19

disclosure

Answer 19

diclosure to participants of the condiitons of the program theyre in; disclosure of partciipant info to other individ, agencies; disclosure by the program and affectied individ of any conflict of interest that the program rep to any staff/board memebrs

Question 20

competence

Answer 20

those actually doing work and the org as a whole are competent to accomplish their goals under reasonable circumstances

Question 21

conflict of interest

Answer 21

someone’s personal interests could influcne thier judgement/actions; may change how a program is run/money is spent in community interventions

Question 22

grossly unethical behavior

Answer 22

behavior far beyond hte bounds of hte normally accpeted ethical standards of society; may stem from takind advantage of a confilct of interest situation or may be a case of dishonesty or lack of mora scruples

Question 23

anonymity

Answer 23

when no one inlcuding thsoe conducting the program can relate a participant’s identity to any info

Question 24

privacy

Answer 24

claim of individ, group, or institutions to determine for themselves when, how, and to what extent info about them is communicated to othersr

Question 25

confidentiality

Answer 25

expectation that communications and info from participatns iwll be kept confidential

Question 26

general ethical responsibilities

Answer 26

actively striving to do what is right for particpants and community, and treating everyon in an ethical way

Question 27

code of ethics

Answer 27

document that maps the dimensions of the profession's collective social responsibility and acknowledges the obligations individ practitioners share in meeting the profession's responsiblityies serve to constrain and set limits by identifying behaviors that should be avoided and they guide by idenitifing obligations and desirable qualities can inspire and set forhte the board goals that the adheresnt are supposed to promote and provide the conumser of health ed/promo services w/ an understanding of what they should expect from teh proivder

Question 28

The study of knowledge is known as

Answer 28

Epistemology

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a basic principle for common moral ground?

Answer 29

Professional ethics

Question 30

Professionals who act unethically usually do so for personal financial gain and reputation or for the benefit of clients and employers without considering the effects on others

Answer 30

T

Question 31

This term is described as “the claim of individuals, groups, or institutions to determine for themselves when, how, and to what extent information about them is communicated to others.”

Answer 31

Privacy

Question 32

Most codes of ethics have each type of statement EXCEPT A. “Don’t” statements B. Conflicts of interest C. Obligations and responsibilities D. Personal qualities and values E. Aspirations

Answer 32

B

Question 33

Confidentiality exists only when those responsible for conducting a program can link information about a participant with the individual and do not reveal such information to others.

Answer 33

A

Question 34

Which of the following is one of the three major areas of philosophy? A. Truth B. Epistemology C. Aesthetics D. Behavior E. Bioethics

Answer 34

Epistemology

Question 35

All of the following are part of Thiroux’s basic principles except A. Value of life B. Goodness (rightness) C. Justice D. Truth telling (Honesty) E. Individual freedom F. Respect

Answer 35

F. Respect

Question 36

Professional moral principles are statements of taste and preference.

Answer 36

F

Question 37

What is step 10 of the ethical decision-making process?

Answer 37

Choose an alternative, provide a rationale, act, and monitor the results

Question 38

Which of these are NOT ethical issues that need to be considered with community interventions? ``` Legality Disclosure Competence Conflict of interest Grossly unethical behavior ```

Answer 38

Legality

Question 39

When it comes to informed consent, individuals in the field of health education and promotion do not need to provide it to others in the field because they are already knowledgeable about what is going to take place.

Answer 39

F

Question 40

the study of morality, is one of the three major areas or philosophy.

Answer 40

Ethics

Question 41

Research ethics “comprises principles and standards that, along with underlying values, guide appropriate conduct relevant to research decisions.”

Answer 41

T

Question 42

Thiroux states that there are five basic principles for common moral ground. The third principle is the principle of _____, and deals with people treating other people fairly and justly in distributing goodness and badness.

Answer 42

Justice

Question 43

Which theory claims that certain actions are inherently right or wrong, or good or bad, without regard for their consequences?”

Answer 43

Deontological

Question 44

Which of the following is not a factor in the context of decision making?

Answer 44

Personal opinion

Question 45

Ethics can also be called moral philosophy.

Answer 45

T

Question 46

A “document that maps the dimensions of the professional’s collective social responsibility and acknowledges the obligations individual practitioners share in meeting the profession’s responsibilities” is known as

Answer 46

The Code of Ethics

Question 47

Which of the following steps is not an ethical issue that needs to be considered with community interventions? ``` Competence Consent General Ethical Responsibilities Grossly Unethical Behaviors Preferences ```

Answer 47

preferences

Question 48

Ethical questions impact only select components of life.

Answer 48

F

Question 49

Which of the following is not a step of applying the ethical decision-making process? A. Identify who will be affected B. Contemplate the ultimate goals and ideals C. Identify the alternatives D. Reflect on the problem E. Reflect on yourself

Answer 49

D

Question 50

Which of the following is not ethical issue that needs to be considered with community interventions? A. Conflict of interest B. Disclosure C. Examination D. Competence E. Consent

Answer 50

c

Question 51

Ethical questions impact all aspects of life.

Answer 51

T

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT a type of statement that is included in a typical code of ethics? “Don’t” statements “Do” statements Obligations and responsibilities Virtues, personal qualities, and/or values Aspirations

Answer 52

“Do” statements

Question 53

A master’s degree is required to sit for the certified health education specialist (CHES) examination.

Answer 53

F