C4. P5-6

Question 1

Where is the suprachiasmatic nucleus located?

Answer 1

Hypothalamus

Question 2

What does a Electrooculogram (EOG) do?

Answer 2

Measure eye movement

Question 3

What are the waves produced when wake and engaged?

Answer 3

Beta waves (15-30/s)

Question 4

What are the waves produced when awake and relaxed?

Answer 4

Alpha waves (8-10/s)

Question 5

What waves are produced during NREM1?

Answer 5

Theta waves (4-7/s)

Question 6

What is hypnagogic Sensory Hallucination?

Answer 6

Realistic hallucinations

Question 7

What is NREM2?

Answer 7

Light sleep, 45-50% of sleep

Question 8

What are sleep spindles?

Answer 8

Sleep spindles appear to inhibit internal processing to keep us sleeping

Question 9

What are K complexes?

Answer 9

K-complexes suppress incoming external information

Question 10

What are the waves produced in NREM3?

Answer 10

Delta waves (4/s)

Question 11

Can you dream during NREM3?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

What percentage of sleep is NREM3?

Answer 12

20-25% during first half of sleep

Question 13

How did Endo test REM deprivation?

Answer 13

Woke up males preventing REM sleep, resulting in them being less alert and in a negative mood

Question 14

Which sleep phases have been linked to explicit memory formation?

Answer 14

NREM4 and REM

Question 15

When do people finish the first cycle of NREM3?

Answer 15

60-75 minutes

Question 16

What is the order for sleep?

Answer 16

NREM1, NREM2, NREM3, NREM2, REM

Question 17

Does the order for sleep cycle or only happen once?

Answer 17

Cycles

Question 18

How much do we sleep during the first six months of life?

Answer 18

16 hrs/day

Question 19

What is REM rebound?

Answer 19

Following a lack of REM sleep, we tend to experience an increase in REM sleep

Question 20

Define Insomnia and its percentage.

Answer 20

Ongoing problems initiating sleep, maintaining sleep, or chronic feelings of fatigue. 6%

Question 21

What is the criteria for insomnia?

Answer 21

Symptoms for three times a week for three months

Question 22

What is a risk factor?

Answer 22

A condition, event, characteristics, or group status, that is known to increase the likelihood of a given outcome

Question 23

Define narcolepsy.

Answer 23

A neurological disorder in which the brain’s ability to control sleep-wake cycling is compromised resulting in excessive sleepiness during the day, sleep paralysis problems, episodes where one suddenly falls asleep, and, in some cases, sudden episodes of loss of muscle tone during the day

Question 24

What is cataplexy?

Answer 24

A sudden loss of control over muscle tone in a manner that produces weakness or paralysis

Question 25

What is sleep Apnea?

Answer 25

A sleep condition in which the individual’s breathing intermittently pauses, becomes shallower, or both, while he or she is sleeping

Question 26

What is obstructed sleep apnea?

Answer 26

Most common form of sleep apnea, the airway temporarily collapses and blocks airway

Question 27

What is a Continuous Positive Air Pressure (CPAP) Machine?

Answer 27

CPAP machines deliver a continues stream of air into the airway which creates pressure and keeps the airway open

Question 28

Which part of the brain inhibits movement during sleep?

Answer 28

The pons

Question 29

What is the manifest content?

Answer 29

The images, plot and actions of a dream

Question 30

What is latent content?

Answer 30

The unconscious motives that are expressed through the dream

Question 31

What is the day’s residue?

Answer 31

Actual events that occurred that day impacting dreams

Question 32

What is the Activation-Synthesis Model?

Answer 32

Neural network activity increases during deep sleep and REM sleep and tries to make sense of it

Question 33

What are the information processing theories of dreaming?

Answer 33

A set of theories that suggest that dreams are a side effect of the process of creating or editing memory networks

Question 34

What is reverse learning?

Answer 34

The parts of the cortex weakening neural connections that are viewed as less important, distracting, or unhelpful