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Psyc Unit 2 > C3. P7 > Flashcards

C3. P7 Flashcards

1
Q

What is chemoreception?

A

Chemicals bind to olfactory receptors and transduce them into a neural signal

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2
Q

What are odorants?

A

Molecules containing information about scent

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3
Q

What are olfactory receptors?

A

They detect and respond to odorant that bind to them

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4
Q

Where do olfactory receptors originate?

A

Olfactory bulbs

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5
Q

What do olfactory bulbs contain?

A

Mitral cells that synapse with the olfactory receptors

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6
Q

What is the olfactory nerve?

A

The cranial nerve responsible for carrying information about smell to the brain

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7
Q

Which cranial nerve is the shortest?

A

Olfactory nerve

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8
Q

What is the only cranial nerve that can repair itself?

A

Olfactory nerve

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9
Q

Where does the olfactory nerve send information first?

A

Primary olfactory cortex

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10
Q

Where is the POC located?

A

The temporal and frontal lobe

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11
Q

What happens when odorants bind to olfactory receptors?

A

The receptors fire a signal to the dendrites of sensory neurons in the olfactory bulb

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12
Q

How many odors can humans detect?

A

10,000

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13
Q

How do we recognize scents?

A

The pattern of receptors that are activated

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14
Q

Are women or men better at converting smells to words?

A

Women

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15
Q

Which sense has the greatest impact on our recollection of memories?

A

Smell

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16
Q

Why does smell have the greatest impact on memory?

A

There are direct connections to the limbic regions which play a role in formation of emotionally-laden memories

17
Q

Are humans born with the ability to differentiate every smell?

A

No, it acquires through lived experiences

18
Q

What has been shown to impact detection of odors?

A

Culture

19
Q

What is anosmia?

A

Loss of smell, which can also affect taste

20
Q

What can cause anosmia?

A

Infection, lesions in POC, damage to olfactory bulbs

21
Q

How is flavor a combination of taste, smell, and texture?

A

Bottom up processes integrates taste, smell. and texture. Top down processes make expectations

22
Q

What is chemoreception?

A

Small particles passing over the tongue entering taste buds and binding with gustatory receptors

23
Q

Where are taste buds?

A

Tongue, cheek, and upper esophagus

24
Q

Where are gustatory receptors?

A

in taste buds

25
Q

Do taste buds detect taste themselves?

A

No

26
Q

When do taste buds regenerate?

A

Every 10 days

27
Q

How do molecules become small for the taste buds?

A

Saliva dissolves small molecules of food

28
Q

Are there different kind of receptors, like sweet and sour?

A

Yes

29
Q

How do we determine conscious tatse?

A

Pattern of receptor activity

30
Q

What nerves does the tongue send to the brain about taste?

A

Cranial nerves

31
Q

What is the primary gustatory cortex?

A

Undefined location in brain which processes taste

32
Q

Where might the PGC be?

A

Association areas within the frontal lobe and brain

33
Q

What is the cranial trigeminal nerve?

A

nerve where information about texture, touch, temperature, and pain travel from the tongue to brain

34
Q

What are the five taste sensations?

A

Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami

35
Q

When do umami receptors fire?

A

In response to meaty-savory flavors

36
Q

Where are some association areas?

A

Frontal cortex

37
Q

Can the gustatory system change the nervous system?

A

Experience can alter and change our biology of expectation

38
Q

Who did the taste-test brand study?

A

McClure

39
Q

What is the taste-test brand study?

A

When given a pop with better flavor, people’s brains would light up. When given a different type of pop and the name of it (coke) there was considerable more activity

Psyc Unit 2 (14 decks)

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