C4 10-11

Question 1

Neoplasm

Answer 1

“new growth” An abnormal mass of proliferating cells. Benign neoplasms remain localized; malignant neoplasms are cancers which can metastasize.

Question 2

Methods of carcinogenesis?

Answer 2

Oncogenes, Tumor suppressor genes, Inflammation

Question 3

Carcinogenesis

Answer 3

Literally the ‘creation’ of cancer. It is a process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells.

Question 4

Cancer

Answer 4

Cells replicating out of control. A disease of DNA at the molecular level.

Question 5

Carcinogenesis/oncogenes

Answer 5

Proto-oncogenes regulatate mitosis, if the DNA is damage and it turns into an oncogene then mitosis can’t be controlled.

Question 6

Carcinogenesis/tumor supressor genes

Answer 6

Tumore suppressor genes act as QC watching for DNA replication mistakes. If these genes are lost or damaged, then cancer can begin. P53

Question 7

Carcinogenesis/inflammation

Answer 7

Chronic inflammation if believed to be a precursor of cancer

Question 8

Totipotent

Answer 8

Any type - all cells + embryonic

Question 9

Pluripotent

Answer 9

Very many types -

Question 10

Multipotent

Answer 10

Many potential types - hemocytoblast/all types of blood cells

Question 11

Unipotent

Answer 11

One potential type