C1 1-6 Flashcards
Define physiology
study of the function of living organisms
Define anatomy
study of the structure of living organisms
Explain the principle of complementarity (unity of form and function)
All specific functions are performed by specific structures. Complementarity is the relationship between function and structure.
Define homeostasis
A dynamic state of body equilibrium or stable internal environment
Features of homeostasis?
Dynamic, components (receptor/control center/effector), control system (nervous/endocrine system), basic mechanisms (neg/pos feedback), parameters, disruption causes disease or death
What is the importance of homeostasis?
Living cells can function only within a narrow range of conditions. Any large variance in conditions results in disease or death.
Intracellular fluid?
fluid within a cell
extracellular fluid?
interstitial fluid - fluid between the cells (fluid + blood plasma)
components of homeostastic control systems?
Receptor/control center (nervous-endorine)/effector
Internal environment
the fluid that surrounds the cells and through which they make life-sustaining exchanges
Describe how negative feedback mechanisms maintain body homeostasis.
Triggers a response that seeks to restore the factor to normal. Stimulatory-inhibitory mechanism. The mechanisms cause the variable to change in a direction opposite of the initial change.
Describe how positive feedback mechanisms maintain body homeostasis.
Triggers a response that enhances the original stimulus. Stimulatory-stimulatory mechanism. Causes a change in the same direction of the initial change.
Describe the relationship between homeostatic imbalance and disease.
Any disease can be regarded as a result of a disturbance to homeostasis
