C4 1-5 more

Question 1

epthelial special characteristic - polarity

Answer 1

apical-basal polarity: an upper free surface exposed to environment or cavity of an internal organ, and a lower attached to a basal surface.

Question 2

epthelial special characteristic - specialized contacts

Answer 2

Tight, gap and demosomes junctions (barrier/communication/structure integrity)

Question 3

epthelial special characteristic - supported by connective tissue

Answer 3

always! Supported by connective tissue

Question 4

epthelial special characteristic - avascular but innervated

Answer 4

contains no blood vessels, but is supplied by nerve fibers.

Question 5

epthelial special characteristic - regeneration

Answer 5

highly regenerative (mitosis)

Question 6

epthelial special characteristic - cellularity

Answer 6

Tightly packed cells, like a sheet

Question 7

Simple squamous - function/location

Answer 7

Diffusion/Filtration. in sites where protection is not important,

secretes lubricant in serosae —-

kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, serosae

Question 8

simple cuboidal - function/location

Answer 8

secretion and some absorption —-

kidney tubules, ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface

Question 9

Simple columnar - function/location

Answer 9

absorption, secretion of mucus, enzymes (ciliated type propels mucus or reproductive cells)

ciliated: lines small bronchi and uterine tubes, regions of uterus
nonciliated: digestive tract, gallbladder, excretory ducts of some glands

Question 10

stratified squamous - function/location

Answer 10

Protects underlying tissue (from abrasion) —

skin, mouth, esophagus, vagina

Question 11

pseudostratified columnar - function/location

Answer 11

secrete substances, particularly mucus, propulsion of mucus by cilary action —-

Ciliated: lining the trachea, upper respiratory tract

Nonciliated: sperm carrying ducts, ducts of large glands

Question 12

transitional - function/location

Answer 12

allow stretching —-

ureters, bladder, part of urethra

Question 13

Endothelium

Answer 13

Single layer of simple squamous cells that line the walls of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

Question 14

Mesothelium

Answer 14

Epithelium found in serous membranes lining the ventral body cavity and covering its organs

Question 15

Merocrine

Answer 15

glands that produce secretions intermittently

Question 16

Holocrine

Answer 16

glands that accumulate their secretions within their cells, secretions are discharged only upon rupture and death of the cell

Question 17

Apocrine

Answer 17

producing a fluid secretion by pinching off the apex of the cellreleasing the secretory granules and a small amount of cytoplasm

Question 18

Covering and lining epithelium

Answer 18

forms the outer layer of the skin, dips into and lines the open cavities of the urogenital, digestive, and respiratory systems; and covers the walls and organs of the closed ventral body cavity

Question 19

glandular epithelium

Answer 19

fashions the glands of the body

Question 20

Collagen?

Answer 20

Made from the protein, collagen, bundled into thick cords, tough

Question 21

Elastic?

Answer 21

Made from rubber like protein, elastin, snap fibers back into shape after stretching

Question 22

Reticular?

Answer 22

Made from short, fine collagen forming delicate networks, support soft tissue and blood vessels

Question 23

What are the resident cells of connective tissue proper?

Answer 23

Fibroblasts, fibrocytes, defense cells, adipocytes

Question 24

What are the resident cells of cartilage?

Answer 24

Chondroblasts, chondrocytes

Question 25

What are the resident cells of bone?

Answer 25

Osteoblasts, osteocytes

Question 26

What are the resident cells of blood?

Answer 26

erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets

Question 27

What are the three types of fibers found in connective tissue?

Answer 27

collagen, reticular, elastic

Question 28

Types of connective tissue? 4 w/3-3-3-2

Answer 28

Loose - areolar/adipose/reticular, Dense - regular/irregular/elastic, Cartilage - hyaline/elastic/fibrocartilage, Bone - compact/spongy, Blood

Question 29

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells loose areolar

Answer 29

wraps and cushions organs, holds fluid, inflammation/ under epithelia/ gel-like matrix/ all 3 fibers/ fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, wbc.s

Question 30

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells loose adipose

Answer 30

``` insulates, reserve fuel, supports and cushions subcutaneous tissue/ sparse gel-like matrix/ all 3 fibers/ adipocytes ```

Question 31

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells loose reticular

Answer 31

``` support by soft internal skeleton (stroma) of other cell types lymphoid organs/ loose ground substance/ reticular fibers/ Reticular cells ```

Question 32

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Dense regular

Answer 32

``` attaches and withstands tensile strength tendons-ligaments/ ---/ collagen with a little elastic/ fibroblast ```

Question 33

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Dense irregular

Answer 33

``` withstand tension from many direction andstructural strength/ joints/ ---/ collagen with some elastic/ fibroblast ```

Question 34

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Dense elastic

Answer 34

Tissue recoil after stretching, maintains blood flow/ Arteries, ligaments of vertebral column, bronchial tubes /---/ mostly elastic/ Fibroblasts

Question 35

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Hyaline cartilage

Answer 35

support-reinforce, cushion, resist compressive stress/ nose, ends of long bones, costal cartilage, trachea, larynx, embryo skeleton/ firm matrix/ collagen fibers(unseen)/ chondrocytes

Question 36

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Elastic cartilage

Answer 36

structure with flexibilty/external ear/firm matrix/elastic-collagen/chondrocytes

Question 37

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Fibrocartilage

Answer 37

``` Absorb compressive shock/ intervertebral and knee discs, pubic symphysis less firm matrix than other cartilage/ predominately thick collagen/ chondrocytes ```

Question 38

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Bone

Answer 38

``` Support and protect, levers, stores calcium, site of blood formation/ bones/ calcified matrix/ collagen/ osteocytes? ```

Question 39

function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Blood

Answer 39

``` Transport/ blood vessels/ fluid matrix/ Soluble fibers/ erythrocytes, wbc ```