C4 1-5 more Flashcards
epthelial special characteristic - polarity
apical-basal polarity: an upper free surface exposed to environment or cavity of an internal organ, and a lower attached to a basal surface.
epthelial special characteristic - specialized contacts
Tight, gap and demosomes junctions (barrier/communication/structure integrity)
epthelial special characteristic - supported by connective tissue
always! Supported by connective tissue
epthelial special characteristic - avascular but innervated
contains no blood vessels, but is supplied by nerve fibers.
epthelial special characteristic - regeneration
highly regenerative (mitosis)
epthelial special characteristic - cellularity
Tightly packed cells, like a sheet
Simple squamous - function/location
Diffusion/Filtration. in sites where protection is not important,
secretes lubricant in serosae —-
kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, serosae
simple cuboidal - function/location
secretion and some absorption —-
kidney tubules, ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface
Simple columnar - function/location
absorption, secretion of mucus, enzymes (ciliated type propels mucus or reproductive cells)
ciliated: lines small bronchi and uterine tubes, regions of uterus
nonciliated: digestive tract, gallbladder, excretory ducts of some glands
stratified squamous - function/location
Protects underlying tissue (from abrasion) —
skin, mouth, esophagus, vagina
pseudostratified columnar - function/location
secrete substances, particularly mucus, propulsion of mucus by cilary action —-
Ciliated: lining the trachea, upper respiratory tract
Nonciliated: sperm carrying ducts, ducts of large glands
transitional - function/location
allow stretching —-
ureters, bladder, part of urethra
Endothelium
Single layer of simple squamous cells that line the walls of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels
Mesothelium
Epithelium found in serous membranes lining the ventral body cavity and covering its organs
Merocrine
glands that produce secretions intermittently
Holocrine
glands that accumulate their secretions within their cells, secretions are discharged only upon rupture and death of the cell
Apocrine
producing a fluid secretion by pinching off the apex of the cellreleasing the secretory granules and a small amount of cytoplasm
Covering and lining epithelium
forms the outer layer of the skin, dips into and lines the open cavities of the urogenital, digestive, and respiratory systems; and covers the walls and organs of the closed ventral body cavity
glandular epithelium
fashions the glands of the body
Collagen?
Made from the protein, collagen, bundled into thick cords, tough
Elastic?
Made from rubber like protein, elastin, snap fibers back into shape after stretching
Reticular?
Made from short, fine collagen forming delicate networks, support soft tissue and blood vessels
What are the resident cells of connective tissue proper?
Fibroblasts, fibrocytes, defense cells, adipocytes
What are the resident cells of cartilage?
Chondroblasts, chondrocytes
What are the resident cells of bone?
Osteoblasts, osteocytes
What are the resident cells of blood?
erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
What are the three types of fibers found in connective tissue?
collagen, reticular, elastic
Types of connective tissue? 4 w/3-3-3-2
Loose - areolar/adipose/reticular, Dense - regular/irregular/elastic, Cartilage - hyaline/elastic/fibrocartilage, Bone - compact/spongy, Blood
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells loose areolar
wraps and cushions organs, holds fluid, inflammation/
under epithelia/
gel-like matrix/
all 3 fibers/
fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, wbc.s
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells loose adipose
insulates, reserve fuel, supports and cushions subcutaneous tissue/ sparse gel-like matrix/ all 3 fibers/ adipocytes
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells loose reticular
support by soft internal skeleton (stroma) of other cell types lymphoid organs/ loose ground substance/ reticular fibers/ Reticular cells
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Dense regular
attaches and withstands tensile strength tendons-ligaments/ ---/ collagen with a little elastic/ fibroblast
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Dense irregular
withstand tension from many direction andstructural strength/ joints/ ---/ collagen with some elastic/ fibroblast
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Dense elastic
Tissue recoil after stretching, maintains blood flow/
Arteries, ligaments of vertebral column, bronchial tubes
/—/
mostly elastic/
Fibroblasts
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Hyaline cartilage
support-reinforce, cushion, resist compressive stress/
nose, ends of long bones, costal cartilage, trachea, larynx, embryo skeleton/
firm matrix/
collagen fibers(unseen)/
chondrocytes
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Elastic cartilage
structure with flexibilty/external ear/firm matrix/elastic-collagen/chondrocytes
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Fibrocartilage
Absorb compressive shock/ intervertebral and knee discs, pubic symphysis less firm matrix than other cartilage/ predominately thick collagen/ chondrocytes
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Bone
Support and protect, levers, stores calcium, site of blood formation/ bones/ calcified matrix/ collagen/ osteocytes?
function/location/matrix/fibers/cells Blood
Transport/ blood vessels/ fluid matrix/ Soluble fibers/ erythrocytes, wbc
