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Chemistry > C3.6 > Flashcards

C3.6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are alcohols used for?

A

~ Alcoholic drinks
~ Solvents (substances that can dissolve chemicals)
~ Fuels

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2
Q

What is the functional group of alcohols?

A

-OH

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3
Q

Why does wine taste like vinegar when it’s off?

A

Because ethanol can be oxidised by chemicals or microbes to form ethanoic acid (the main acid in vinegar)

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4
Q

What do alcohols dissolve in water to form?

A

A neutral solution

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5
Q

What do alcohols produce when they react with sodium?

A

Hydrogen

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6
Q

What do alcohols burn in air to produce?

A

Carbon dioxide + water

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7
Q

What do organic compounds mostly contain?

A

Carbon

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8
Q

Where are organic compounds found?

A

In all living things

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9
Q

What are 3 examples of organic compounds?

A

Alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters

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10
Q

What is the functional group of carboxylic acids?

A

-COOH

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11
Q

What do carboxylic acids dissolve in water to produce?

A

Acidic solutions

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12
Q

What do carboxylic acids produce when they react with carbonates?

A

Carbon dioxide

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13
Q

What do carboxylic acids form when they react with alcohols?

A

Esters

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14
Q

Why don’t carboxylic acids dissolve completely in water?

A

They’re weak acids

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15
Q

Why does ethanoic acid have a higher pH than hydrochloric acid?

A

Because only some of the ethanoic acid ionises, as ionisation in solution is a reversible reaction, so there’s a lower concentration of H+ ions in solution

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16
Q

What carboxylic acid is the formula HCOOH of?

A

Methanoic acid

17
Q

What carboxylic acid is the formula CH3COOH of?

A

Ethanoic acid

18
Q

What carboxylic acid is the formula CH3CH2COOH of?

A

Propanoic acid

19
Q

How are esters made?

A

From reacting alcohols with carboxylic acids

20
Q

What is the functional group of esters?

21
Q

What do esters smell like?

A

Fruity, so are used in food flavourings and perfume

22
Q

What is the reaction that produces the ester ethyl ethanoate?

A

Ethanoic acid + ethanol <=> ethyl ethanoate + water

23
Q

What alcohol is the formula CH3OH of?

24
Q

What alcohol is the formula CH3CH2OH of?

25
Q

What alcohol is the formula CH3CH2CH2OH of?

26
Q

What is a characteristic of esters?

A

They’re volatile, so they easily evaporate

27
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A family of compounds with the same functional group

Chemistry (20 decks)

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