C3.4

Question 1

What is the test for carbonate?

Answer 1

Add dilute acid to it, and if it fizzes it is releasing carbon dioxide and is therefore carbonate

Question 2

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

Answer 2

Forms a white precipitate and makes the limewater cloudy

Question 3

What is the test for hallides? (Chloride, bromide and iodide)

Answer 3

~Add dilute nitric acid
~ Add silver nitrate solution
~ Forms a precipitate

White precipitate = silver chloride
Cream precipitate = silver bromide
Yellow precipitate = silver iodide

Question 4

What is the test for sulphates?

Answer 4

~ Add dilute hydrochloric acid
~ Add barium chloride solution
~ Sulphate will form a white precipitate of barium sulphate

Question 5

In a flame test what colour does lithium go?

Answer 5

Crimson

Question 6

In a flame test what colour does sodium go?

Answer 6

Yellow

Question 7

In a flame test what colour does potassium go?

Answer 7

Lilac

Question 8

In a flame test what colour does calcium go?

Answer 8

Brick red

Question 9

In a flame test what colour does barium go?

Answer 9

Apple green

Question 10

What is the test for aluminium?

Answer 10

~ Add sodium hydroxide solution
~ White precipitate will form
~ Add excess sodium hydroxide
~ Precipitate will dissolve

Question 11

What is the test for calcium?

Answer 11

~ Add sodium hydroxide solution
~ White precipitate will form
~ Add excess sodium hydroxide 
~ Precipitate will NOT dissolve
~ Heat precipitate and it will turn brick red

Question 12

What is the test for magnesium?

Answer 12

~ Add sodium hydroxide solution
~ White precipitate will form
~ Add excess sodium hydroxide 
~ Precipitate will NOT dissolve
~ Heat precipitate and it won't form a colour

Question 13

What is the test for copper?

Answer 13

~ Add sodium hydroxide solution

~ Blue precipitate will form

Question 14

What is the test for Iron (II) Fe2+?

Answer 14

~ Add sodium hydroxide solution

~ Green precipitate will form

Question 15

What is the test for Iron (III) Fe3+?

Answer 15

~ Add sodium hydroxide solution

~ Brown precipitate will form

Question 16

How do you go about doing a positive ion flame test?

Answer 16

Wire loop made of nichrome is dipped in hydrochloric acid, heated, dipped in hydrochloric acid again (to ensure its clean and we’re only testing the solution we want) and then dipped into the unknown solution read to go on the flame

Question 17

What is the method for titration?

Answer 17

~ Add a known volume of alkali into conical flask using a pipette
~ Add a few drops of indicator (phenolphthalein / methyl orange)
~ Pour acid into burette, record reading
~ Open tap and add small amounts of acid whilst swirling the conical flask
~ Add acid until solution is neutral as shown by indicator
~ Repeat 3 times