C3.4 Electrolysis

Question 1

Define electrolysis

Answer 1

Process in which an electric current is passed through a compound, causing a chemical change

Question 2

State components needed for electrolysis

Answer 2

1) An electrolyte - compound in its liquid (molten) state, or in solution
2) Two electrodes - made from a metal or graphite, which conduct electricity to electrolyte
3) An electrical supply - i.e power pack or battery

Question 3

Define cations and anions

Answer 3

• Cations are positive ions (cats are nice!!!)
• Anions are negative ions (onions are bad!!!)

smegma

Question 4

Define cathode and anode

Answer 4

• Cathode is negative electrode

- Anode is positive electrode

Question 5

What are discharged ions?

Answer 5

Ions that become atoms or molecules at an electrode

Question 6

Why can’t ionic compounds in solid state conduct electricity?

Answer 6

Because in the solid state, ions in the electrolyte can’t move to replace discharged ions through diffusion and convection

Question 7

What are inert electrodes?

Answer 7

Electrodes that aren’t changed during electrolysis

Question 8

What is electroplating?

Answer 8

Type of electrolysis that uses non-inert electrodes

Question 9

Why is silver nitrate solution used in electroplating jewellery?

Answer 9

• Because silver nitrate contains silver ions

- All nitrate salts are soluble in water, so you know silver nitrate will dissolve