C1.1 The Particle Model Flashcards
What is a particle?
A tiny bit of matter
What are the 3 states of matter?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Describe the arrangement of particles in a solid
Particles are packed very close together in a regular arrangement and they vibrate in fixed positions
Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in a liquid
The particles are close together and have a random arrangement. They can move around each other.
Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in a gas
The particles are far apart with a random arrangement. They move quickly in all directions.
Can you compress a substance in solid or liquid state?
No - there is no space for particles to move into
How do the relative energies of particles in a solid, liquid and gas compare?
Particles in a solid have the least energy
Particles in a gas have the most energy
What is a physical change?
A change of state. - Reversible change
Name for Solid to liquid and vice versa
solid to liquid = Melting
Liquid to solid = Freezing
What is a chemical change?
A change that produces one or more new substances. Irreversible change.
Examples of Physical changes:
freezing juice to make ice lolly
Mixing sand with water
dissolving sugar in water
Examples of Chemical changes:
Cooking eggs and food
Steel rusting
Acid reacting with an alkali to form salt and water
What happens when a substance changes state?
Particles stay the same
Arrangement and movement changes
What happens during a chemical change?
Particles break up and join together in different ways
What are the smallest particles called?
Atoms
