C3.1 The Periodic Table

Question 1

John Dalton and Mendeleev arranged their periodic table in order of…

Answer 1

atomic mass

Question 2

The modern periodic table is arranged in order of…

Answer 2

atomic number (proton number)

Question 3

Explain why Mendeleev left gaps in the periodic table…

Answer 3

For undiscovered elements

To make the pattern fit

Question 4

Explain why Sodium and Potassium are in group one of the periodic table

Answer 4

They both have one electron in their <u>outer shell</u>

They both react similarly

Question 5

Describe how alkali metals react with water

Answer 5

• Bubble/Fizz/Effervesce
• Turn universal indicator purple
• Move about on the surface of the water
• Sodium melts into a ball
• Potassium burns with a lilac flame

Question 6

Name the two products made when sodium reacts with water

Answer 6

Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen

Question 7

Write a symbol equation for the reaction of sodium with water

Answer 7

2Na + 2H₂0 –> 2NaOH + H₂

Question 8

Name the typical properties of transition metals

Answer 8

• Good conductors of heat and electricity
• Hard and strong
• High density
• High melting point
• Form coloured compounds
• Form ions with different charges (i.e. Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺)

Question 9

Name one similarity and one difference between the properties of copper and lithium

Answer 9

Similarities - Conduct electricity

Differences - Lithium more reactive, lithium less dense, lithium softer, lithium has lower melting point

Question 10

Describe the trend in reactivity of group 1 metals as you go down the group

Answer 10

Reactivity increases

Question 11

Describe the trend in melting point as you go down group 7

Answer 11

Melting point increases (Fluorine is a gas, Iodine is a solid)

Question 12

Describe the trend in reactivity as you go down group 7

Answer 12

Reactivity decreases

Question 13

Explain why chlorine and bromine are in group 7 of the periodic table

Answer 13

Both have 7 electrons in their <b>outer shell</b>

Question 14

Finish the following word equation

Bromine + Potassium Iodide–>

Answer 14

Potassium Bromide + Iodine

Question 15

Explain why chlorine can displaced bromine from potassium bromide

Answer 15

Chlorine is more reactive

Question 16

Name the ion that turns universal indicator purple

Answer 16

• OH,sup>-

- Hydroxide

Question 17

In terms of electrons state what is meant by reduction

Answer 17

Gain of electrons

Question 18

In terms of electrons state what is meant by oxidation

Answer 18

Loss of electrons

Question 19

Explain why potassium is more reactive than sodium

Answer 19

• Potassium has a greater atomic radius/more energy levels/more shells
• there is less attraction between the outer electron and the nucleus/more shielding
• Potassium loses an electron easier

Question 20

Explain why fluorine is more reactive than chlorine

Answer 20

• Fluorine has a smaller atomic radius/less energy levels/less shells
• there is greater attraction between the outer shell and the nucleus/less shielding
• fluorine <b>gains</b> an electron <b>easier</b>

Question 21

Name one use for the transition metals

Answer 21

Catalysts