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GCSE Chemistry AQA > C2.5 Salts and Electrolysis > Flashcards

C2.5 Salts and Electrolysis Flashcards

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1
Q

Acids ionise in water to produce….

A

hydrogen ions H+

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2
Q

Alkalis ionise in water to produce….

A

Hydroxide ions, OH-

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3
Q

What is a base?

A

A substance that neutralises an acid

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4
Q

Suggest the pH of hydrochloric acid

A

1-4

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5
Q

Suggest the pH of sodium hydroxide

A

10-14

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6
Q

Acid + Metal =

A

Salt + Hydrogen

MASH

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7
Q

Acid + Metal Oxide =

A

Salt + Water

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8
Q

Acid + Alkali =

A

Salt + Water

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9
Q

Acid + Metal Carbonate =

A

Salt + carbon dioxide + water

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10
Q

Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid =

A

Magnesium Chloride + Hydrogen

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11
Q

Sodium Hydroxide + Nitric acid =

A

Sodium nitrate + water

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12
Q

Copper Oxide + sulphuric acid =

A

Copper sulphate + water

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13
Q

Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric acid =

A

Calcium chloride + Carbon Dioxide + water

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14
Q

List the steps to make copper sulphate crystals

A

Warm sulphuric acid
Add copper oxide until it is in excess
Filter the excess copper oxide
Evaporate the water

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15
Q

Lead nitrate + Potassium Iodide =

A

Lead iodide + Potassium nitrate

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16
Q

How can a precipitate, such as lead iodide, be removed from a solution?

A

Filter it

17
Q

What is the positive electrode in electrolysis called?

A

Anode

PANic

18
Q

What is the negative electrode in electrolysis called?

A

Cathode

PANiC

19
Q

In the electrolysis of lead iodide, why does the lead iodide have to be melted?

A

so the ions can move

and carry the charge

20
Q

In the electrolysis of lead iodide, which electrode do the lead ions go to?

A

Cathode

21
Q

Explain why copper ions go to the cathode

A

The cathode is negative
Copper ions are positive
Opposite charges attract

22
Q

Explain why chloride ions go to the anode

A

The anode is positive
Chloride ions are negative
Opposite charges attract

23
Q

Finish the following equation

Pb2+ + __ e- –> Pb

A

Pb2+ + 2e- –> Pb

24
Q

Finish the following equation

_Cl- —> Cl2 + __e-

A

2Cl- —> Cl2 + 2e-

25
Q

How does a copper ion, Cu2+, become a copper ion?

A

By gaining two electrons

26
Q

What is the aluminium ore called?

A

Bauxite

27
Q

Why is molten cryolite added to the bauxite?

A

To reduce the melting point

so less energy is required

28
Q

Name the three products of the electrolysis of brine

A

Sodium hydroxide
Hydrogen
Chlorine
(CatHy’s AnCls)

29
Q

The loss of electrons is called

A

Oxidation

OILRIG

30
Q

The gain of electrons is called

A

Reduction

OILRIG

31
Q

Why is hydrogen produced instead of sodium in the electrolysis of brine?

A

Sodium is more reactive than hydrogen

32
Q

Why is electroplating used?

A

To make objects look better
To protect the metal from corroding
It’s cheaper than using the pure metal

GCSE Chemistry AQA (18 decks)

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