C13 - components of the nervous system Flashcards
What is the purpose of the nervous system
Ths NS
Detects changes, or stimuli, inside the body or in the environment.
The NS
Processes and stores information
and Initiates responses
What is a stimulus
A Stimulus is
A detectable change in the internal or external environment that produces a response in that organism.
What type of receptor cells provide an organism its senses?
Specialised sensory cells give the body its senses
e.g.
Pressure sensors in the dermal layer of the skin
Complex sensors in the retina of the eye and inner ear
Why are sensory receptors described as transducers?
They detect energy in one form and…
convert it into electrical energy
Where does this electrical energy travel?
The electrical energy (Impulse) travels through the neurone as a nervous impulse
What type of response does a nerve impulse generate?
The nerve impulse
initiates a response in an effector, which maybe a muscle or a gland
Addition
How does the body respond to a change in the external environment?
- A stimulus detects changes in the external environment
- This stimulus is detected by sensory cells
- which are transducers,
- that convert energy in one form, into electrical energy.
- This electrical energy travels down a neurone as a nerve impulse and initiates a response in an effector which maybe a muscle or gland.
Addition - Content of Table…
How does the body react to stimuli?
- Stimuli - Visible Light
- Receptor Location - Retina
- Sense effected - SIght
- Pressure - Dermis of the skin - Touch
- Heavy Pressure - Deeper in the dermis of the skin - Pain
- Temperature - Dermis of the skin - Temperature
- Sound - Inner ear - Hearing
- Chemical - Nose - Smell
- Chemical - Tongue - Taste
- Gravity - Middle Ear - Balance
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
- Central nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
What are the two parts of the Central Nervous System?
- Brain
- Spinal Chord
What is the role of the CNS?
The CNS…
Processes information provided by the Stimuli.
What is the brain and the spinal cord surrounded by?
The brain and spinal cord is surrounded by…
Tough, protective membranes… called, the meninges
What are the two types of matter found in the spinal cord?
What is the difference between the white and grey matter found in the Spinal Cord?
-
White Matter
- Contains Nerve Fibres
- Surrounded by Myelin which is fatty and looks white
-
Grey matter
- Has much less myelin vs White Matter
- It mostly contains, the nerve fibres of relay neurones
- And the cell bodies of relay and motor neurones
What are the 2 parts of the peripheral nervous system?
- The Somatic Nervous System
- The Autonomic Nervous System
What is the structure of the somatic nervous system?
The somatic nervous system…is made up of…
- pairs of nerves
- that originate from the brain
- or the spinal chord
- and their branches.
