C12 Excretion and regulations in different environments Flashcards
What type of organism is a plant
producers
meaning they produce all the proteins that they need
What is active transport required for in a plant
to take up nitrate and ammonium ions from the soil,
Where else do plants in the Fabaceae family also obtain nitrogenous compounds
mutualistic nitrogen-fixing bacteria
What is transamination
An enzyme-catalyzed reaction that transfers an amino group to an (A)-keto acid making an amino acid.
Why don’t plants excrete nitrogen-containing molecules
Plants synthesis only the amino acids and the proteins that they need, so they do not need to excrete nitrogen-containing molecules.
What type of organism is more efficient at transamination (PLANT OR ANIMAL
PLANT bc
animals eat protein and make the molecules they need from its constituent amino acids
Cant store excess
so excess amino acid is deaminated and converted into another molecule which is then excreted.
The condition an animal evolved determines what type of molecule this is.
What do aquatic organisms excrete
Ammonia as it is extremely soluble in water and this means that as its excreted it drops to below toxic levels instantly
What do birds, reptiles, insects excrete
uric acid
non toxic
little water required for excretion
What do mammals excrete
Urea
less toxic than ammonia
Body fluids
What are the two types of nephron
Cortical nephron
Juxtamedullary nephron
information on cortical nephrons
Glormerulus in the outer cortex and a short loop of Henle,which just penetrates the medulla, near its boundary with the cortex.
They make very dilute urine
Information on Juxtamedullary nephron
Bowmans capsule closer to the cortex’s boundary with the medulla. they have a long loop of Henle ,which penetrates deep into the medulla
They make very concentrated urine
What is metabolic water
Water produced from the oxidation of food reserves
Note on desert animals and water conservations
many desert animals remain undergroud during the day
living in burrows which are cool and humid which reduces water loss by evaporation.
