C10: Environmental Sustainability Flashcards
What is environmental sustainability
an environmental condition that remains the same without any reduction or depletion of natural resources for along period of time
5 environmental threats
- climate change and global warming
- deforestation and loss of biodiversity
- eutrophication
- pollution
- human population explosion
Explain greenhouse effect
- sunlight enter the atmosphere of earth, some light is reflected back into the space in form of infrared ray
- the greenhouse gases (CO2, NO, methane, chlorofluorocarbon(CFC) ) absorb the heat energy released
- prevent infrared rays from reflecting back into space
- this maintain the average temperature for survival of organisms
- human activities increase the conc of these gases
- more heat energy is trapped in atmosphere
- thus increase the temperature of earth
- causes global warming
greenhouse effect cause global warming //
global warming cause greenhouse effect
Greenhouse effect cause global warming
5 factors that cause greenhouse effect and the gases involve in each acivities
- burning of fossil fuels ( CO2 and NO)
- agricultural activities (NO)
- deforestation (CO2)
- usage of cooling substances (CFC)
- animal farming (methane)
What is El Nino and La Nina phenomena
El Nino: extreme hot and dry weather causes draught
La Nina: unusual heavy rain causes serious flood
Define deforestation
clearing a wide area of trees in a large scale
6 Effect of deforestation
- soil erosion
- disruption of nitrogen cycle, oxygen cycle, and water cycle
- loss of water catchment area
- flash flood
- climate change
- loss of biodiversity
what is eutrophication
a process that occurs when the water ecosystem is rich of nutrients, thus change the structure of ecosystem
3 effects of eutrophication
- algae bloom
- death of aquatic organisms
- deterioration of water quality
how eutrophication occurs
- excess usage of nitrate and phosphate fertiliser in agricultural activities
- excess nitrate and phosphate flows into lakes and river
- stimulate rapid growth of algae
- water surface is covered up
how eutrophication affect the level of BOD
- eutrophication reduce the penetration of sunlight into the water
- photosynthesis rate of aquatic plants decrease
- oxygen content in the water decrease
- aquatic life die
- decomposer bacteria become more
- decomposer disintegrate dead aquatic plants and animals in presence of oxygen
- causes excessive oxygen reduction in water
- thus, the biochemical oxygen demand(BOD) level increase
what is BOD
- biochemical oxygen demand
- total amount of oxygen needed by microorganisms to decompose organic materials in water
relate BOD level with quality of water
- high BOD level: low quality water
- low BOD level: good quality water (unpolluted and high oxygen content)
state 3 pollution
- air pollution
- thermal pollution
- noise pollution
explain the formation of acid rain
- burning of fossil fuels, industrial factories and vehicles release CO, NO, and SO2 into atmosphere
- gases dissolve in water vapour in atmosphere to form nitric acid and sulphuric acid
- thus acid rain is form
5 effects of acid rain
- soil become infertile (pH less than 5)
- skin diseases and tissue damage in human
- damage the roots and leaves of plants
- reduces plankton population (food resources of fish)
- food chain is affected
define thermal pollution
the deterioration of water quality due to excessive heat dissipation into water causes temperature of water to change
how thermal pollution is caused
- water used as cooling agent to cool down the generators in factories
- hot water is discharges into river or lakes
- increased temperature in water is not suitable for aquatic life
- the dissolves oxygen content decrease
- affect the survival of aquatic life
5 effects of thermal pollution
- disrupts biochemical process of aquatic life
- may cause early hatchery of fish eggs or fail to hatch
- cause instant death for some species
- enhances growth of algae
- increase the BOD level
state 3 health problem due to noise pollution
- high blood pressure
- depression
- headache
5 effect of population growth explosion
- rapid reduction of natural resources
- deficiency supply of clean and raw water
- leads to deforestation, global warming and loss of biodiversity
- extinction of various organisms
- increase of diseases
what can human do to save the poor pity shit environment
- preservation
- conservation
- restoration
aim of preservation of ecosystem
to protect the components of ecosystem so that it remain in its natural condition
- by gazetting forests as reserved areas
explain conservation of ecosystem
- by restore environmental resources
- save the endangered ecosystem
- in situ and ex situ
explain restoration of ecosystem
- renew and restore the damaged ecosystem
- by reforestation and planting of cover crops
4 components of food security
- availability of food (sufficient supply of high quality food)
- access to food (obtain easily to meet the nutritional needs)
- food utilisation (ability to get enough nutrients and good practice in food processing and preparation)
- food stability (enough nutrients all the time)
importance of Halal
- manufacture in a clean surroundings
- emphasise on hygiene and orderliness during the production process
- beginning from farm to final product
2 guidelines to determined food security (other than halal)
- Good Manufacturing Practice(GMP)
- Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points(HACCP)
4 pillars of NGTP
( National Green Technology Policy )
- environment
- social
- economy
- energy
5 criteria requirement for green technology product
- minimise environmental degradation
- encourage usage of renewable resources
- efficient use of energy and natural resources
- low or zero release of greenhouse gases
- promote healthier and better surroundings
