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core chemistry > C1 - topic 3 - acids > Flashcards

C1 - topic 3 - acids Flashcards

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1
Q

what part of the body produces hydrochloric acid?

A

stomach

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2
Q

what do indegestion tablets do?

A

neutralise the acids in the stomach (hydrochloric)

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3
Q

why does your stomach produce hydrochloric acid?

A

to fight against bacteria and to break down food

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4
Q

what type of chemical can we use to neutralise acids?

A

alkalis

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5
Q

what is the reaction called when an acid becomes neutral by using an alkali?

A

neutralisation

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6
Q

what colour and pH is neutral when using universal indicator?

A

Green and pH7

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7
Q

a hydrochloric acid produces what salts?

A

chloride

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8
Q

A nitric acid produces what salt?

A

nitrate

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9
Q

a sulfuric acid produces what salts?

A

sulfate

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10
Q

what does electrolysis mean?

A

breaking something down using electricity

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11
Q

what is the chemical test for hydrogen?

A

squeaky pop

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12
Q

what is the chemical test for chlorine?

A

bleaching litmus paper

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13
Q

what is the chemical test for oxygen?

A

relight a glowing splint

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14
Q

what substance has a pH less than 7?

A

acid

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15
Q

what substance has a pH greater than 7?

A

a base

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16
Q

what base dissolves in water?

A

an alkali

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17
Q

on the pH scale what colour is an alkali?

A

purple/blue

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18
Q

what colour is neutral on the pH scale?

A

green

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19
Q

what colour is an acid on the pH scale?

A

orange/red

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20
Q

what does the pH scale show colour wise?

A

the colours you get when you add universal indicator to an acid or an alkali?

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21
Q

what is made during a neutralisation reaction between acids and bases?

A

salts

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22
Q

is salt and water an acid, alkali or neutral?

A

neutral

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23
Q

what is the equation of a neutralisation reaction?

A

acid + base = salt and water

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24
Q

what are two uses of salt?

A

used in fertilisers e.g. ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphate
used in fireworks as colouring agents e.g. calcium chloride (orange) and copper chloride (blue/green)

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25
Q

why do chemical containers have symbols on them to tell you what the dangers are?

A

because they can be bad for you or dangerous in some way?

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26
Q

what is an advantage of understanding the hazard symbols?

A

it means that you’ll be able to use suitable safe-working procedures in the lab

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27
Q

what does the stomach produce?

A

hydrochloric acid

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28
Q

are acids useful or harmful in the human body?

A

useful

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29
Q

why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid?

A

to help with digestion as the enzymes will break down food in the stomach and they work best in an acidic environment

30
Q

having acid in the stomach helps to do what?

A

kill bacteria

31
Q

what is indigestion caused by?

A

too much hydrochloric acid in the stomach

32
Q

what do indigestion tablets contain?

A

based such as calcium carbonate, which neutralises the excess acid

33
Q

what are metal oxides and metal hydroxides often?

A

bases

34
Q

metal oxides and metal hydroxides are often bases so what does this mean?

A

they can be neutralised with acids to form a salt and water

35
Q

acid + metal oxide = ?

A

salt + water

36
Q

acid + metal hydroxide = ?

A

salt + water

37
Q

what decides the salt?

A

the combination of metal and acid

38
Q

hydrochloric acid + copper oxide = ?

A

copper chloride + water

39
Q

hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = ?

A

sodium chloride + water

40
Q

sulfuric acid + zinc oxide = ?

A

zinc sulfate + water

41
Q

sulfuric acid + calcium hydroxide = ?

A

calcium sulfate

42
Q

nitric acid + magnesium oxide = ?

A

magnesium nitrate + water

43
Q

nitric acid + potassium hydroxide = ?

A

potassium nitrate + water

44
Q

what physical state is a oxide?

A

solid

45
Q

what physical state is a hydroxide?

A

aq

46
Q

what physical state is a acid?

A

aq

47
Q

what physical state is water?

A

l - liquid

48
Q

what do metal carbonates give?

A

salt + water + Carbon dioxide

49
Q

acid + metal carbonate = ?

A

salt + water + Carbon dioxide

50
Q

what do carbonates give off when they neutralise acids?

A

Carbon dioxide

51
Q

what is the symbol for hydrochloric acid?

A

HCL

52
Q

what is the symbol for sodium carbonate?

A

Na2CO3

53
Q

what is the symbol for sodium chloride?

A

NaCL

54
Q

what is the sodium for carbonate?

A

CO3

55
Q

what is the symbol for sodium?

A

Na2

56
Q

what is electrolysis?

A

the breaking down of a compound using electrical energy

57
Q

during electrolysis the electricity used come from a ?

A

direct current (d.c)

58
Q

what is an example of a d.c?

A

a battery

59
Q

what does the battery require to conduct the electricity?

A

a liquid

60
Q

what is the liquid called that allow electricity to be conducted?

A

electrolytes

61
Q

how is the electricity applied to the electrolyte?

A

two electrodes

62
Q

what does the electrolyte contain?

A

the compound which is broken down into its component parts

63
Q

how are the component parts released?

A

as atoms or molecules - often as a gas

64
Q

what would happen if a d.c current is applies to the electrolyte?

A

the hydrochloric acid would decompose into its two component parts

65
Q

what are the two component parts of hydrochloric acid?

A

hydrogen gas and chlorine gas

66
Q

what is the symbol for hydrogen gas?

A

H2

67
Q

what is the symbol for chlorine gas?

A

CL2

68
Q

how can the faded bubbling through the solution be collected?

A

at the electrodes

69
Q

how can you test for chlorine gas?

A

chlorine bleached litmus paper, turning it white

70
Q

what is the test of hydrogen gas?

A

hydrogen makes a “squeaky pop” with a lighted splint

71
Q

where does the “squeaky pop” come from whilst testing for hydrogen?

A

the hydrogen burning with the oxygen in the air to form H2O

core chemistry (11 decks)

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