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Lt's Exam SOG's Section C > C-106 Vehicle Fires > Flashcards

C-106 Vehicle Fires Flashcards

1
Q

Due to ____, fires in vehicles have become more hazardous, and the techniques used to fight them have become more advanced. These ____ pose greater hazards not only due to their ____ but also the ____. Vehicle fuels range from compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and electric motors, to the standard gasoline and diesel engines. Additional hazards of concern at vehicle fires can include the vehicle’s .

A
  • advancements in vehicle technology and the use of alternative fuels and power supplies
  • new fuels
  • properties
  • fuel delivery systems
  • cargo
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2
Q

Personnel should keep in mind that many hazardous materials do not require ____ if quantities are below a certain amount. Absence of ____ should not be interpreted as an absence of hazardous materials.

A
  • placarding

* hazardous materials placarding

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3
Q

Upon arrival, the company officer will establish Command and establish a ____. Scene safety includes ____. Request ____ as needed.

A
  • scene safety perimeter
  • traffic control
  • law enforcement assistance
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4
Q

The ____ should be the primary concern of the Officer.

A

safety of all individuals on the scene

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5
Q

The apparatus shall be parked ____. An extreme danger at vehicle fires (as with all operations on the roadway) is on-coming traffic. BSODFRES personnel often arrive prior to law enforcement, and it is likely that traffic control will be an initial concern. Traffic cones need to ____, assessing the risk/benefit based upon traffic conditions. Use apparatus lights to illuminate the scene.

A
  • to best protect the scene and the fire fighters (usually positioned at an angle across traffic)
  • be deployed judiciously
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6
Q

The apparatus should be ____ from the involved vehicle and with ____ from traffic, if applicable. The apparatus should be used to block traffic, but may need to move a good distance from the burning vehicle, necessitating a long hose stretch.

A
  • as far as practical

* the pump panel protected

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7
Q

The apparatus positioning should allow firefighters to approach the vehicle ____ whenever possible.

A

from a position of uphill/upwind

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8
Q

Provide for a safe working area by:

A
  1. Check for hazards around the vehicle such as downed wires or spilled, unburned fuel. Do not park in flowing or static liquids.
  2. All emergency personnel shall utilize proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including SCBA.
  3. All personnel not engaged in fire suppression activities shall, at a minimum, wear an appropriate reflective vest or bunker gear.
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9
Q

Check for a rescue situation or injuries.

A
  1. Look for signs of occupants.

2. Check with witnesses.

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10
Q

Check for indicators of the type of fuel.

A

CNG is a blue and silver diamond, LPG is a black and silver diamond. These decals may be located on the rear trunk or near the filler cap; however, often times they are not present.

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11
Q

Pull the appropriate size line for the fire load.

A vehicle significantly involved in fire will require ____

A

a 1 3⁄4” attack line.

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12
Q

If the incident involves a large vehicle, consider additional resources.

A

additional resources.

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13
Q

Class B foam should be used if the fuel involved is ____. If possible, utilize ____ for small, manageable Class B fires. Consideration should be given to requesting additional Class B foam resources for fires involving large amounts of fuel.

A
  • a petroleum based product
  • dry chemical

a. Resources must be in place to properly manage a larger vehicle/fuel fire, or the agent and efforts may be wasted.
b. Reapplication every 7-10 minutes must be considered.

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14
Q

Consider the immediate use of a dry chemical extinguisher on all vehicles. The advent of alloys and ethanol propagation calls for a consideration of ____

A

“hydrochem” early on. Injecting a stream of dry chemical agent into the AFFF will cool, suffocate and break the chemical chain reaction of a free burning ethanol fire, as well as assist in management of a Class D fire in an engine compartment and/or wheel assemblies.

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15
Q

The slope the vehicle is on, running fuel fires and vehicle fires in parking garages pose significant dangers to responders and, as such, require ____

A

additional resources to be requested immediately.

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16
Q

If unburned fuel is leaking consider ____

A

calling for the Hazardous Materials Team.

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17
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack

Approach

A

at an angle to the front or rear of the vehicle.

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18
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack

At least one member of the attack team must have ____

A

a forcible entry tool.

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19
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack

The officer will select ____

A

the type of extinguishing action to be utilized.

20
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack

A working fire involving the interior of a vehicle passenger compartment may damage the vehicle beyond repair. As such, the attack plan should ____

A

take into consideration the safety of firefighting personnel. Risk nothing to save nothing.

21
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack

Where patients are trapped in the vehicle, ____

A

the first water should be applied to protect patients and permit rescue.

22
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack

When rescue is not a factor, first water should be applied ____

A

for several seconds to extinguish or cool the area around the fuel tank or fuel system. Many new vehicles are equipped with LPG or LNG pressurized systems.

23
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack

The ____ of the vehicle should initially be swept with the stream in order to ____. This will also ____

A
  • bottom 18”
  • cool the bumper, chocks, wheels and other potentially explosive projectiles
  • sweep any unburned static fuel present on the ground.
24
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack

Open the hood and trunk to ____. Attempt to open the hood and trunk from ____ in an effort to avoid ____

A
  • complete extinguishment and check for extension
  • the side of the vehicle
  • being directly in-line with hydraulic cylinders that are used to support hood and trunk lids.
25
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack

Once inside the vehicle’s passenger compartment (after thorough extinguishment) be aware of ____

A

hazards such as non-deployed air bags.

26
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack
Considerations
Exposed fuel tank

A

a. After life safety, the priority must be cooling the fuel tanks. If tanks are CNG or LPG, an addition water supply may be needed.
b. Consider problems associated with a fuel leak of this type.

27
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack
Considerations
Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (EV)

-a. Hybrid vehicles are those that ____

A

run on a combination electric and gasoline engine. These vehicles have high voltage battery systems as well as the standard 12 volt system.

28
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack
Considerations
Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (EV)

  • Disabling the electrical system on a Hybrid vehicle is best accomplished by:
A

i. First, turning off the ignition.

ii. Second, disconnecting the 12 volt battery.

29
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack
Considerations
Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (EV)

-Electric vehicles (EV) are those that ____

A

operate solely from a rechargeable onboard battery system. These vehicles have no hydrocarbon fuel tanks. The voltage in these vehicles can be as high as 600 volts.

30
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack
Considerations
Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (EV)

-Disabling the electrical system on Electric Vehicles (EV) is best accomplished by:

A

i. Turning off the ignition, if possible.

ii. Activating the emergency battery pack shutoffs, if so equipped and accessible.

31
Q

Vehicle Fire Attack
Considerations
Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (EV)

c. The high voltage system is often in ____, with ____ running from that area to the engine. Most often these cables are colored ____, although some may be other colors such as ____, and should be avoided.

A
  • a rear compartment
  • cables
  • orange
  • blue or black
32
Q

The electric (EV) vehicle battery package is most often located ____. It is often sandwiched between the ____. Once again, cables that are colored ____ should be avoided.

A
  • under the vehicle, towards the rear, in a very inaccessible position
  • floorboards and the bottom chassis of the vehicle
  • orange, yellow, blue or black
33
Q

Hybrid vehicle fires are best attacked with ____. Studies by the NFPA and the fire protection research foundation have found that hybrid vehicle fires can require in excess of ____ to extinguish. Upon identifying a well involved vehicle as a hybrid vehicle, company officers should ____ for the potential of ____ needs. There is no fear of ____ when attacking a hybrid vehicle fire with ____, even if flames are impinging on the battery pack. Although still dangerous, Direct Current (DC) power does not ____

A
  • water
  • 1000 gallons total water
  • request an additional engine company to respond to the scene
  • additional water supply
  • shock or electrocution
  • water
  • seek a path to the ground.
34
Q

When operating at emergency scenes involving electric vehicles (EV) that have been involved in accidents or fires, it is imperative that the electric (EV) vehicle has ____ to prevent unexpected movement.

A
  • its wheels chocked as quickly as possible
35
Q

Electric vehicle (EV) fires can often be very challenging. The ____ can make fire extinguishment very difficult. Studies conducted by the NFPA and the fire protection research foundation revealed that there is no chance of ____. These studies also revealed that it is not uncommon for a well involved electric vehicle (EV) with extension to the battery package to require in excess of ____ to extinguish, and this process can take ____ to accomplish. These studies demonstrated that a battery package on fire, if left alone to burn itself out, can burn for over ____. These excessive water requirements and protracted extinguishment times are the direct result of _____ for extinguishment.

A
  • location and inaccessibility of the battery package
  • electricity traveling back through a solid stream hose line
  • 2500 gallons of water
  • 30-45 minutes of water application
  • 1.5 hours
  • not having direct access to the battery package
36
Q

Case studies and prior incidents indicate that the batteries from electric vehicles (EV) can reignite ____ later. In one case, the batteries on an electric vehicle (EV) reignited ____ after the fire was initially extinguished.

A
  • several hours

* 22 hours

37
Q

Suppression company officers should notify towing companies of this potential and the need to store the electric vehicle (EV) ____ post-fire.

A

in an open air tow yard (outside of buildings) and away from potential exposures for at least 24 hours

38
Q

At no time should fire suppression personnel attempt to ____ the battery package. Potential exists for a severe shock hazard.

A

pierce, cut into, force open, or attempt to penetrate

39
Q

High voltage components should never be ____ as there is no guarantee that the system is de-energized.
- Hazards following fire:

A
  • overhauled

i. System safeties can be rendered inoperable by the effects of fire.
ii. Live fire testing indicates that these components can remain live after exposure to fire.

40
Q

Alternative fueled vehicles may use ____ other than traditional gasoline and diesel. Responders should be aware of ____

A
  • compressed gases or liquid fuels

* these types of fuels and the dangers they may present.

41
Q

Compressed gases – such as hydrogen

i. In the open, any hydrogen leak will ____

A

rapidly disperse, since the gas is lighter than air.

42
Q

Compressed gases – such as hydrogen

ii. When hydrogen burns, its flame is ____ in the daylight and produces no ____.

A
  • nearly invisible

* soot

43
Q

Compressed gases – such as hydrogen

iii. This fuel can ignite at ____ levels of concentration.

A

both lower and higher

44
Q

Compressed gases – such as hydrogen

iv. It is recommended to set up a ____ to disperse any leaking hydrogen vapors.

A

positive pressure ventilation fan

45
Q

Liquid fuels – such as ethanol and methanol.

Ethanol and methanol fuels have a ____ flashpoint than gasoline or diesel.

A

lower

46
Q

Liquid fuels – such as ethanol and methanol.

At a fire involving these fuels, the firefighting foam must be ____

A

rated for alcohol fires (alcohol resistant aqueous film forming foam).

47
Q

Liquid fuels – such as ethanol and methanol.

Fires involving ethanol or methanol blends require ____ than those involving straight gasoline or diesel.

A

a larger foam and water application

Lt's Exam SOG's Section C (17 decks)

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