BVP - Introduction to Paediatric Optometry - Week 9

Question 1

List 5 physical developmental features seen at 0-6 months.

Answer 1

Suck and grasp reflex
The need to be held
Rapid growth
Can follow and focus
Lots of sleep

Question 2

List 2 intellectual developmental features seen at 0-6 months.

Answer 2

Vocalisation

Understands crying will elicit a response

Question 3

List 2 emotional developmental features seen at 0-6 months.

Answer 3

Attachment to parent/caregiver

Self-comfort with thumb/pacifier

Question 4

List 2 social developmental features seen at 0-6 months.

Answer 4

Recognises parents/caregiver

Smiles at them when they see them

Question 5

List 4 physical developmental features seen at 6-18 months.

Answer 5

Self feeding
Sitting
Stands/walks
Stacks 2+ blocks

Question 6

List 3 intellectual developmental features seen at 6-18 months.

Answer 6

Able to sound 1-2 words
Points
Curiosity about the environment

Question 7

List 3 emotional developmental features seen at 6-18 months.

Answer 7

Hugs parents
Separation anxiety
Shows emotions but cant identify

Question 8

List 3 social developmental features seen at 6-18 months.

Answer 8

Plays games (peek-a-boo)
Extends attachment to others
Some independence

Question 9

List 5 physical developmental features seen at 18 months to 3 years.

Answer 9

Bladder/bowel control develops
Climbing stairs
Holds crayons, begins drawing (circles)
Increased eye-hand coordination

Question 10

List 2 intellectual developmental features seen at 18 months to 3 years.

Answer 10

Drawing develops

Sentences begin, can be understood half the time

Question 11

List 2 emotional developmental features seen at 18 months to 3 years.

Answer 11

Expresses feelings verbally

Separation anxiety better

Question 12

List 2 social developmental features seen at 18 months to 3 years.

Answer 12

Plays with other children

Tests boundaries

Question 13

List 3 physical developmental features seen at 3 years to 6 years.

Answer 13

Can hop on one foot
Can skip/dance
Can draw squares and some letters

Question 14

List 4 intellectual developmental features seen at 3 years to 6 years.

Answer 14

Can complete a puzzle
Completely understandable when speaking
Develops likes/dislikes
Engages in discussion

Question 15

List 3 emotional developmental features seen at 3 years to 6 years.

Answer 15

Can identify happy/sad
Imitates parents/caregiver
Can feel overwhelmed by emotions

Question 16

List 3 social developmental features seen at 3 years to 6 years.

Answer 16

Dresses/undresses self
Enjoys roleplaying games
Follows rules

Question 17

List 3 physical developmental features seen at 6 years to 12 years.

Answer 17

Energetic
Increased appetite
Continued height/weight growth

Question 18

List 3 intellectual developmental features seen at 6 years to 12 years.

Answer 18

Highly verbal
Asks fact oriented questions
Understands the concept of past/present/future

Question 19

List 2 emotional developmental features seen at 6 years to 12 years.

Answer 19

Personality more defined

Guided primarily by school and family

Question 20

List 3 social developmental features seen at 6 years to 12 years.

Answer 20

Enjoys playing and working with others
Same sex play with peers
Learns to achieve and compete

Question 21

List 2 physical developmental features seen at 12 years to 18 years.

Answer 21

Growth spurts

Puberty

Question 22

List 3 intellectual developmental features seen at 12 years to 18 years.

Answer 22

Able to think and reason
Able to think more abstractly
Able to use imagination to solve problems

Question 23

List 3 emotional developmental features seen at 12 years to 18 years.

Answer 23

Independence needs exerted
Mood swings
Often feels misunderstood

Question 24

List 3 social developmental features seen at 12 years to 18 years.

Answer 24

Part time work
Social activities with peer groups
Conflict with parents

Question 25

On average, when do babies begin to crawl?

Answer 25

6-9 months

Question 26

On average, when do babies begin to walk holding on?

Answer 26

7-13 months

Question 27

List three reasons why the examination of a child is different.

Answer 27

Children often have no idea what a health examination entails Have an inaccurate idea thanks to well meaning adults/family members Have had a previous negative experience

Question 28

What is an issue with how children might sometimes respond when performing a test?

Answer 28

Children want to please, so they may tell you what they think you want to hear

Question 29

List 8 tests that can be performed for ages 0-3.

Answer 29

``` Cover test Hirschberg Bruckners (observe red reflex) Ocular motility Observe hand-eye coordination and fixation picking up toys during play Retinoscopy MEM retinoscopy Pupil reactions ```

Question 30

List 8 tests that can be performed for ages 3-6.

Answer 30

``` As for ages 0-3, plus: Vision (distance/near) Colour vision Stereopsis BV tests Accommodation/vergence evaluation Slit lamp Tonometry ```