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buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

Patient has fever and pleuritic chest pain that is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward, saddle shaped ST elevation

A

pericarditis

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2
Q

irregularly irregular pulse/no clear P waves

A

AF

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3
Q

Raised JVP

A

right sided heart failure

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4
Q

sense of impending doom

A

MI

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5
Q

Broad complex tachycardia

A

Ventricular problem

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6
Q

Mid-diastolic murmur with a tapping apex

A

Mitral stenosis

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7
Q

Tall, tented T waves

A

hyperkalaemia

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8
Q

collapsing pulse

A

aortic regurgitation

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9
Q

bounding pulse

A

acute CO2 retention

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10
Q

Fever + new onset murmur

A

bacterial endocarditis until proven otherwise

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11
Q

myocardial necrosis

A

coagulative necrosis due to ischaemia and hypoxia in first 3 days post MI

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12
Q

ECG saw tooth baseline + 150 bpm

A

Atrial flutter

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13
Q

pulmonary oedema

A

Alveolar bat wings, kerley B lines, Cardiomegaly, Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels, pleural Effusion

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14
Q

saddle shaped ST elevation

A

pericarditis

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15
Q

Broad QRS with slurred upstroke of R wave

A

Wolff-parkinson-white syndrome

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16
Q

blurred yellowing vision headache

A

digoxin toxicity

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17
Q

continuous machine like murmur

A

patent ductus arteriosus

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18
Q

diminished absent lower limb pulses, radiofemoral delay

A

coarctation of the aorta

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19
Q

Stony dull to percuss

A

Pleural effusion

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20
Q

right sided plueritic pain

A

most likely pneumonia

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21
Q

ground glass appearance on X ray

A

pulmonary fibrosis

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22
Q

ZN stain positive for acid fast bacilli

A

TB

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23
Q

caseous necrosis

A

TB

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24
Q

apical disease

A

most likely TB

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25
Q

miliary TB

A

spread of organism to bloodstream
organism to pulmonary artery = miliary dissemination into the lung
organism to pulmonary vein= systemic dissemination to the liver, spleen and kidneys

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26
Q

positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpastures syndrome

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27
Q

chest infection with a parrot/pigeon as pet

A

chlamydophila psittaci

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28
Q

dry cough and diarrhoea after holiday

A

legionella pneumopila (test urine)

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29
Q

tall thin young man who smoke weed

A

pneumothorax

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30
Q

bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy erythema nodosum, granulomas, fatigue and weight loss

A

sarcoidosis

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31
Q

bronchiole wider than neighboring arteriole- signet ring sign

A

bronchiectasis

32
Q

D sign on Xray

A

empyema

33
Q

steeple sign on Xrat

A

larygotracheobronchitis/croup

34
Q

Child with barking cough

A

croup

35
Q

Pneumocystis pneumonia

A

HIV

36
Q

Asthma + Nasal Polyps + Salicylate sensitivity

A

Samter’s Triad

37
Q

Alcoholic (danger of aspiration pneumonia)

A 
Klebsiella pneumoniae (red jelly 
haemopytsis
38
Q

rusty sputum

A

pneumococcal pneumonia

39
Q

morning headache

A

hypercapnia (CO2 in bloodstream)

40
Q

ACTH secreting lung tumour

A

SCLC

41
Q

PTH secreting lung tumour

A

SCC of lung

42
Q

small-cell carcinoma

A

neuroendocrine, highly malignant, and may be associated with
ectopic endocrine syndromes

43
Q

increased serum ACE and Ca2+

A

sarcoid

44
Q

eggshell calcification

A

silicosis

45
Q

heart failure cells seen in alveolar spaces

A

macrophages that have absorbed haemosiderin

chronic pulmonary oedema and associated LVH

46
Q

Coin lesion found on chest radiographs

A

rounded solitary lesion

47
Q

horner’s syndrome

A

local spread of cancer to the intrathoracic nodes signs= ptosis, enopthalmos, miosis, lack of sweating on the ipsilateral side of the face

48
Q

gingivectomy/biting on own gums

A

side effect of calcium channel blockers or phenytoin

49
Q

bird beak appearance

A

achalasia

sign of bowel obstruction in lower GI

50
Q

grey turner’s and cullen’s sign

A

acute pancreatitis

51
Q

acute pancreatitis

A 
GET SMASHED
Gallstones
Ethanol
Trauma
Steroid
Mumps 
Autoimmune
Scorpion bites 
Hyperlipidaemia/hypercalcaemia
52
Q

murphy’s sugn

A

cholecystitis/cholangitis

53
Q

pale stools, jaundice, abdo pain

A

biliary obstruction

54
Q

abdo distension, caput medusae, shifting dullness

A

portal hypertension and ascites

55
Q

pyoderma gagrenosum

A

crohns/UC

56
Q

Tinkling bowel sounds

A

bowel obstruction

57
Q

vesicular rash + weight loss

A

coeliac disease

58
Q

virchows node (left supra-clavicular)

A

gastric cancer

59
Q

urea breath test

A

H.pylori

60
Q

14C breath test

A

bacterial overgrowth

61
Q

rice water like stools

A

vibrio cholera

62
Q

primary biliary cirrhosis

A

presence of AMA (anti mitochondrial antibodies)

63
Q

autoimmune hepatitis

A

presence of ASMA (anti smooth muscle antibodies)

64
Q

AFB

A

hepatocellular carcinoma (or teratoma)

65
Q

cobblestone mucosa

A

indicating deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa

crohns disease

66
Q

diuretic for ascites

A

spironolactone

67
Q

Corkscrew oesophagus on barium swallow

A

diffuse oesophageal spasm

68
Q

Severe abdo pain + D&V after raw milk →

A

Campylobacter

69
Q

Russell’s sign

A

self induced vomiting

70
Q

Mallory’s hyaline bodies

A

alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis) and chronic active
hepatitis

71
Q

Crypt abscess / cryptitis

A

Inflammatory Bowel UC

72
Q

Onion skinning fibrosis, beading of bile ducts

A

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

73
Q

“Signet RIng” cells seen on biopsy

A

Linitis plastica - diffuse stomach cancer

74
Q

Thumb-printing on X-ray commonly at splenic flexure

A

Ischaemic colitis

75
Q

Charcot’s triad

A

Acute cholangitis i.e. fever, jaundice and abdominal pain secondary to
cholelithiasis

76
Q

cobble-stoned appearance on endoscopy

A

crohn’s disease

deep ulceration in gut mucosa- skip lesions between the ulcers give cobble-stone effect

77
Q

Loss of haustra on fluroscopy

A

chronic UC

Cardio (16 decks)

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