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Resp > BUZZWORDS > Flashcards

BUZZWORDS Flashcards

1
Q

stony dull to percus

A

pleural effusion

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2
Q

ride sided pleuritic chest pain

A

most likely pneumoina

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3
Q

alveolar bta einds, kerely b lines, cardiomegaly, dilated prominent upper lobe vessels pleural effusion

A

pulmonary oedema

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4
Q

ground glass appearnace on xray

A

pulmonary fibrosis and resp distress syndrom of the new born

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5
Q

ziehl neilson stani posiitve for acid fast bacilli

A

TB

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6
Q

caseous necrosis

A

TB

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7
Q

apical disease

A

mosy likely (secondary) TB, apical lesion is called assmann focus

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8
Q

miliary tuberculous

A

spread of an organism into the blood stream, if organism is spread via pulmonary artery there is miliary dissemination into the lung, if organism spreads via pulmonary vein there is a systmic disseminaiton to the liver, spleen and kidneyes

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9
Q

positive anti-gloerular basement membrane antibodies

A

goodpastures syndrome

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10
Q

chest infection with parrot / pigeon as pet

A

caused by chlamydophila psittaci

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11
Q

dry cough and diarhoea after holiday abroad, some indication of water spread

A

legionella pneumophila (test urine for antigens)

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12
Q

tall thin young man who indulges in marijuana

A

probably pneumothroax (marfans)

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13
Q

bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodusum, granulomas, fatigue, uveitis and weight loss

A

sarcoidosis

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14
Q

bronchiole larger than neighbouring arteriole on CT

A

bronchictasis

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15
Q

d sign on x ray

A

empyema

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16
Q

steeple sign on x ray

A

laryngotracheobronchitis/croup

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17
Q

child with barking cough

A

croup

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18
Q

pneumocystis pneumoina

A

HIV (treat with co-trmoxazole +- prednisolone is severe

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19
Q

asthma + nasal poyps + salicylate sensitivity

A

samters triad

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20
Q

alcholic (danger of asiration pneummoina)

A

klebisella pneumoinae

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21
Q

red jelly sputum

A

klebiella pneumoinae

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22
Q

mucoid sputum

A

chalmydia psittaci

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23
Q

rusty sputum

A

pneumococcal pneumoina

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24
Q

cannonball metastases (also weight loss and haematuria)

A

classically from primary renal cell carcinoma

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25
Q

morning headache

A

hypercapnia or side effects or organic nitrates

26
Q

ACTH secreting lung tumour

A

small cell carcinoma of the lnug. small cell carcimoas are euroendocrine, highly malignant, and may be associated with ectopic endocrine syndromes

27
Q

PTH seceting lung tumour

A

squamous cell cancer of lung

28
Q

increased serum ACE and CA2+

A

sarcoid

29
Q

eggshell calcification at hilar regions

A

silicosis

30
Q

heart failure cells seen in alvoelar spaces

A

macrophages that have absorbed haemosiderin - found in chornic pulmonary oedema, and associated severe left ventricualar hearr failure
- also seen in long standing pulmonary hypertension

31
Q

ghon focus

A

an area of infection and acseous necrosis at the periphery of the lung. beneath the pleura - found in tuberculosis infection
- ghon focus rupture (rare) through the visceral pleura nito the pleural cavity will produce tubercuous pleurisy

32
Q

assmann focus

A

apical lesion of secondary tubercuous infection

33
Q

coin lesoin found on chest radiography

A

a rounded solidary lesion
the common lesion are primary bronchial or lung carcinoma. mestastatic tumous, bronchial hamartoma, carcinoid tumour, granulomatous infalmamtion, lung abcess

34
Q

honers sydrome

A

can occur when ther eis a local spread of cancer to the intrathoracic nodes of a pancoast tumour
signs inclyde ptosis (drooping of the eyelid), enopthalomus (sunken eye), miosis (small pupil), and lack of sweatng no the isilaeral (same side as invasion) side of the face
this is due to invasion of the cervical sympathetic chain

35
Q

acute management of asthma

A 
OSHITMAN
0xygen 100% through a non-rebreather mask
salbutamol nebulised back to back
hydrocortisone IV or prednisolone PO
ipratropium bromide nebulised hourly
theophyline IV or aminophylline IV
magneusium
anaestetist
36
Q

thumb print sign onxray

A

epiglottitis

37
Q

inspiraotry whoop/barking cough

A

pertussis

38
Q

snow storm appearnac eon xray

A

bartosis, silicosis

39
Q

management of infective exacerbation of COPD

A
  • iSOPD
  • ipratopium
  • salbutamo
  • oxygen
  • amoxicillin
  • prednisolone
40
Q

non smoker + lung cancer

A

peripheral carcinoma

41
Q

squamous + small cell lung cancer

A

central

42
Q

high d dimers

A

pulmonary embolism

43
Q

low d dimers

A

exclude pulmonery embolisms

44
Q

large PE

A

thrombolysis

45
Q

small PE

A

low molecular weight herapin

46
Q

resp alkolosis

A

panic attack

47
Q

frank pus on aspiration

A

empyema

48
Q

obstructive lung disease - raised eosinophils

A
  • asthma
49
Q

obstructive lung disease - raised neutrophils

A

COPD

50
Q

pickwickian disease eg obesity hypotentiltoin syndrome

A

obese people whose body fat is preventing air getting in
causes sleep apnoea and hypercapnia (high . levels of carbon dioxide in the blood
- oernight nasal ventilation

51
Q

gullian barre disease

A

disease which causes paralysis
normally preceded by a strep thoat / infection or resp or GI tract
AKA polyneuritis (meaning rpaidy progressive, ascending motor euron parlysis, begunnin in the feet and ascending to other muslces)

52
Q

coal workers pneumoconiosis

A

two types
- simple coal workers pnemoconiosis (early form) and progressive fibrosis (later stages)
problems fund at the apex of lung

53
Q

adult resp distress syndrome

A

occurs when non-cardiogeic pulmonary oedema leads to acute respiratory failure. CXR shows bilateral alveolar shadowing

54
Q

pulmonary oedema

A

CXR shows bats wings (peripheral shadowing), uppper lobe venous diversion, fluid in horizontal fissure, kerely B lines, (small horizontal lines in the periphery due to fluid in the interlobular septae and pleural effusions)

55
Q

treatment of a pneumothroax

A

options are observation, needle, chest tube , inseriton and surgery

56
Q

TLCO

A

how well oxygen can diffuse into the blood

57
Q

treamtent of PE

A

if not immediately life threatening then anticoagulation therpay

58
Q

type 1 diabetic presents with vomiting and not taking her insulin, dehydrated and deep laboured breathing

A

metabolic acidosis (diabetic ketoacidosis

59
Q

AP x ray

A

anterior posteroi usually A porterabl

60
Q

22 year old womna, weight loss, sputum night sweats, ender well defined nodules onshins bilaterally

A

erythema nodusum

Resp (30 decks)

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