business- human resources Flashcards
Types of motivation
motivation using money- increasing higher pay or bonuses gives a reward for employees
motivation without money- factors like praise or oppurtunity to carry out a more interesting job
why do people work
- physiological needs
- safety needs
- love and belonging needs
- ego or self esteem needs
- self actualisation
benefits of a motivated workforce
- increased productivity- motivated individuals work harder and try their best to their job as efficiently as possible
- Improved employee retention rates-mor likely to stay loyal to the business they are working at, this avoids cost of recruitment
- higher levels of sales- emplyees will want to meet the needs of customers
- improved recruiment and selection- help give businesses a good reputation as employer
methods of motivation- non financial
increasing authority through job enrichment- finding jobs emplyees have an interest in doing
training- shows the owner values the employee
management styles- mangers who retain authority- managers who allow juniour emplyees to make decisions
fringe benefits
methods of motivation- financial
salary- the income recieved by an emplyee stated as an annual figure
wages- usually paid each week and emplyees normally work an agreed number of hours
piecework- paid for the quantity of products produced
commission- payment to an employee based on level of sales made over a time period
profit sharing-nemployees reciev a share of the businesses profits alongside their normal wages and salaries
Importance of training
- improvement of productivity
- more motivated employees
improved rates of employee retention - production of high quality goods amd high levels of quality of service
Types of training
induction training- the first type of training you can recieve
On the job ttaining- dont leave the workplace
- off the job training
benefits of induction training
- helps new employees intergrate with other employees before starting the job
- help retention
types of induction training
- work shadowing
-formal training sessions
-computer based training
benefits of on the job
- relatively cheap
- ## target the exact needs of the business
drawbacks of on the job
unlikely to bring new idea
unavailable to work within the business for a period of time
benefits of off the job
- bring in new ideas and approaches into a business
- expensive helps to motivate employees
drawbacks of off the job
-expensive
- employees may leave
factors that influence decisios o types of training
- businesses financial position
- skills in the workforce
full time benefits employer
- full time employees may be more skilled and experianced as a result of being at work more
- employerss may benefit knowing emloyees in more- healthier communication
full time benefits employees
- workers are paid for more hours each week-improve living standard
- more likely to gain a promotion they can attend more training courses and gain more experiance
Part time beneifts employers
- part time employees can help business to cope with busy periods during the week
- some businesses need specialists that erent needed throughout the week
Part time beneifts employees
- fit in other commitments
- older employees dont want full time but dont want to stop working
job sharing
- two or more people combine to fill a single job role
- broader randge of skills
- not being able to communicate well
zero hours
- not guarenteed a set amount of time
- do not have to accept any hours they are offered
wide span of control means-
- large number of people reportin to a manager
tall span of control means-
- smaller number of people are under each director
delegation
- passing down authority to more junior employees
authority
- using a tall structures means directors can watch employees closely
S.P.I.C.E.D
-strong pound imports cheaper exports dearer
- more expensive for those outside the uk to buy exported goods meaning they will buy less meaning less profits
W.P.I.D.E.C
-weak pound imports dearer exports cheaper
- costs reduce-lower prices- moe profit
tall organisation structure
- longer chain of command
- narrow span of control - managers can moniter their employees more carefully
- communication can be slow and difficult- miscommunication
flat organisation structure
- short chain of command
- wide span of control
- can be difficult to manage employees effectively
- communication is faster
centralised structure
- all major decisions are made by only a few senior managers
- senior managers are experianced
- can slow down decision making and communication
insufficent communication
- less efficent and productive work
- slow to recieve important messages
- time and money could be wasted
- demotivate staff- less valued
decentralised structure
- authority to make decisions is shared out
- employees can use expert knowledge to make decisions
- quicker decisions as less communication with higher people
- inconsisitancies
excessive communication
- inefficent - waste time
- conflicting messages confusion time wastage
- less efficent ad productive
job descrption
- formal title of a job, the main purposeof the job,main duties plus any occasional duties
person specification
- lists the qualification,experiance,skills and attitudes needed for the job
internal recruitment
- re cruiting current employees into new roles. The job position is advertised within the company.
- the advantages of this are ist cheaper
- post can be filled much quicker
- candidates will already know a lot about the firm
- no new ideas
external recruitment
- involves recruiting from outside the business
- job advert will be soon by more people, more likely to find somebody really suited to the job
- advertising externally isnt cheap
benefits of effective recruitment
- higher productivity- a person with the right skills and qualities may not need much training.
- high quality output- people with the best skills will make higher quality products
- good customer service- people well suited for their job, will enjoy their job
- staff retention-
benefits of training and development to employers
- trained staff will be better at their job because they understand it better
- training helps staff to be up to date with changes e.g technology
- training staff can help businesses to cover skill shortgages in their workforces
- overall training is likely to make staff feel more motivated
benefits of training and development to employees
- up to date knowledge and skills increases job satisfaction and motivation
- promoted jobs with better pay and more responsibility
