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GCSE > religous studies- buddhism practices > Flashcards

religous studies- buddhism practices Flashcards

1
Q

Temples

A
  • a main hall-where buddhsts practice together
    -meditation hall- quiet space where buddhists can meditate
    -study hall- meeting lectures
    -shrine-dedicated to buddha
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2
Q

shrines

A

light- symbolises the buddha
flowers- wilt and decay sign of impernance
incense- symbolises purity

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3
Q

Stupa

A
  • a tiered tower or mound like structure that someone contains the remains or relics
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4
Q

why-buddhist worship

A

-espress their gratitude towards buddhs
- deepen their understanding of the buddhas teaching
-move closer to the buddha and what he symbolises

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5
Q

types of worship

A
  • reciting mantras
  • private worship at home
  • rituals and ceremonies carried out in gtoups
  • meditation
  • making offerings
  • chanting sacred texts
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6
Q

chanting

A

-in early days- sacred texts were remebered and taught orally
-chanting helped memorise and pass on teachings and texts
-chanting is a devotional practice and calm and focus the mind

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7
Q

mantra

A

-help concentrate the mind
-some buddhists believe mantras have a magical powers
-often assosciated with the spiritual qualities of a buddha

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8
Q

practice of meditation

A
  • meditation is a spiritual excercise that calms the midn and body
    -range of meditation techniwues that help buddhists develop samatha(calm) and vipassana(insight)
    often starts with mindfulness of the body and breath
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9
Q

mindfulness of breathing

A

-in samatha meditation the breathe is used to become more mindful
-the breath focuses the attention
-aim is to become aware of the details of breathing
-when someone finds their mind wandering they simply focus they mind back to breathe

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10
Q

using kasinas in samatha meditation

A
  • instead of focusing on the breathe you focus on an object call kasinas
    -there are ten kasinas
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11
Q

the purpose of samatha meditation

A

-focusing on a single object helps create a calm and tranquil mind
-helps to develop concentration and focus
-samatha meditation can help buddhists feel more alive and happy

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12
Q

what is vipassana meditation

A
  • insight meditation
    -penetrate and gain insight into the true nature of reality
    -understand how all things are charactrised by the three marks of existance
    -develop greater wisdom and awareness of the world
    -ultimately achieve enlightenment
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13
Q

similaraties between vipassanaand samatha

A

-same technique of mindfulness: concentrating on specific things in a calm and detached manner

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14
Q

zazen

A

-means seated meditation
-practised in zen buddhism
-leads to deaper understanding of the nature of existance
-it generally begins with sitting and a period of mindfullness of breathing
-awareness of the present moment

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15
Q

walking meditation

A

–walkig slowly and combining movement of the feet with the in and out breath

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16
Q

what is visualisation

A

-meditator visualises an object in their mind
-may first use an image for inspiration and then visualise it
-examine it in great detail

17
Q

deity visualisation

A

-tibetan buddhists often use visualisation
-focusing on spiritual and physical properties
-may imagine themselves as that deity

18
Q

example of deity visualisation

A

1)the medicine buddha
-may reduce suffering and even promote healing powers
2) avolokiteshvara
-bodhisattva of compassion
-develop a sens of compassion
3)buddha amitabha
–pure land buddhists may visualise in the hope he will help them be reborn

19
Q

theravada funerals

A

-little money is spent
-family and friends may donate by transferring their merit helping them get a favourable rebirth
-

20
Q

funerals in tibet

A

sky burials
-the body is left at a high place as a gift for the vultures
-lack of woof

21
Q

funerals in japan

A
  • japenese pure land buddhism- coffin may be placed with th head west towards sukhavati
  • commen across all japenese traditions for relativess to gether after the cremation and pick outy the bones from the ashes
  • in tibet, remains may be kept for 49 days
22
Q

buddhist festivals

A
  • most major festivals celebrate events in buddhas life
  • a day or period of celebration
  • oppurtunity to remeber the buddhas life
  • an oppurtunity to practise together
  • some are concerned with other buddhist figures
  • specific traditions
23
Q

buddhist retreats

A
  • one example is vassa an annual retreat where theravada monks dedicate more time to study
    -a period of time away from life to focus on the buddhas teachings
  • aim to help people deepen their understanding of buddhists practices
  • may involve meditation, talks and study groups
24
Q

wesak

A

significance- commemorates the buddhas life: birth enlightenment and passing
celebrations- light homes with candles
make offerings to the buddha

25
Q

parinirvana

A

significance- remember buddhas passing into parinirvana
celebrations- read and study the mahaparinirvana sutra
meditate or worship at home or with others
or go on a reyrees

26
Q

kamma and rebirth

A
  • a persons actions in this life not only affect their happiness and suffering right now but will also affect theri future live s
27
Q

whats karuna-

A
  • recognising that a person cannot be truly happy while others suffer
  • feeling concern for the sufering of others almost as if it were your own
  • wanting others to be free from suffering
    -recognising when you are suffering and acting with compassion to yourself
28
Q

metta

A
  • aim to develop loving kindness
  • reduces tendancies to act out
  • makes people more caring
29
Q

five moral precepts

A
  • abstain from taking life
  • abstain from taking what is not freely given
  • abstain from misuse of senses or sexual misconduct
  • abstain from wrong speech
  • abstain from intocicants
30
Q

four sublime states

A
  • loving kindness
  • compassion
  • sympathetic joy
  • equanimity
31
Q

buddhist ethics

A
  • karma is central to buddhist ethics
  • acting skilfully reduces suffering for onself

GCSE (17 decks)

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