Burn injury Flashcards
1
Q
Intubate if
A
- Carboxyhemoglobin > 10%
- Signs of airway obstruction (hoarseness, stridor, accessory respiratory muscle use, sternal retraction)
- Extent of the burn (total body surface area burn > 40%–50%)
- Extensive and deep facial burns
- Burns inside the mouth
- Significant edema or risk for edema
- Difficulty swallowing
- Signs of respiratory compromise: inability to clear secretions, respiratory fatigue, poor oxygenation or ventilation
- Decreased level of consciousness where airway protective reflexes are impaired
- Anticipated patient transfer of large burn with airway issue without qualified personnel to intubate en route
2
Q
Carboxy hemoglobin
A
- headache and nausea (20%–30%)
- confusion (30%–40%)
- coma (40%–60%)
- death (>60%)
3
Q
Persistent acidosis
A
think of cyanide poisoning
4
Q
Parkland formula
A
2ml x Burn% (II and III) x Weight in Kg
70kg 100% = 14L
70kg 50% = 7L
70kg 30% = 4,2L
70kg 20% = 2,8L
100kg 100% = 20L
100Kg 50% = 10L
1/2 in 8 hours, the rest over the 16h
5
Q
Potentially lethal from
A
30% on
6
Q
Criterias to transfer patient to a burn center (CH)
A
Patienten mit mehr als 20% Grad II verbrannter KOF
- Patienten mit mehr als 10% Grad III verbrannter KOF
- Patienten mit Inhalationstrauma
- Patienten mit Verbrennungen des Gesichtes, des Halses, der Hände oder der Genitalien
- Patienten zwischen 0 und 16 Jahren sowie Patienten über 60 Jahre mit Verbrennungen > Grad II
- Patienten mit Zusatzerkrankungen.
7
Q
Acids
A
Coagulation necrosis
8
Q
Bases
A
Collicative liquefaction necrosis
Skin is soapy
can appear later
9
Q
fluorhydric acid
A
makes no coagulation necrosis, keeps on burning
hyponatremia
hyperkaliemia
hypocalcemia
10
Q
Phenol
A
wash with polyethylene glycol
11
Q
Phosphor
A
garlic smell
Treat underwater !!
Wash with copper sulfate
12
Q
Natrium, Kalium, Lithium
A
Wash with oil
