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Cordon Bleu Wine Management - Vineyards > Burgundy > Flashcards

Burgundy Flashcards

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1
Q

List the sub-regions of Burgundy from north to south

A

Chablis + grand auxxerois
Cote de nuits
Cote de beaune
Cotes chalonnaise
Mâcon

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2
Q

When were vines first planted in Burgundy?

A

1st Century AD by the Romans

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3
Q

When was the first written proof of vines being present in Burgundy?

A

312AD

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4
Q

How did Burgundy get its name?

A

From the Swiss people of the Burgundies, who created a kingdom in the 5th century

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5
Q

When did the Kingdom of Burgundy become part of France?

A

534AD

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6
Q

What was the first vineyard established by the Catholic Church in Burgundy?

A

Clos de Bèze, founded by the Abbey of Beze in 640AD

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7
Q

Which Abbeys established the vineyard classifications of Burgundy?

A

Abbey of Cluny, Abbey of Citeaux

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8
Q

When were gamay plantings uprooted and replaced with Pinot Noir?

A

1395AD, Philip the Bold orders growers to replace Gamay with PN

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9
Q

When was Les Hospices de Beaune established?

A

1452AD

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10
Q

Throughout which century were vineyard holdings in Burgundy transferred from the Church to individuals?

A

17th century

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11
Q

What can protect a vineyard from being split up due to Napoleonic law?

A

Establishing the vineyard under a trust or corporation, of which owners are shareholders

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12
Q

What was the first AOP of Burgundy?

A

Morey st Denis (1936)

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13
Q

When was the classification of Burgundy published, then formalized?

A

Published 1855, formalized 1861

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14
Q

How many ha are under vine in Burgundy?

A

29,500 ha

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15
Q

What are the general soil types of Chablis, Cote d’Or, Chalonnaise and the Maconnais?

A

Chablis - kimmeridgean limestone
Cote d’or + Chalon. - Clay and limestone
Maconnais - limestone bedrock

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16
Q

What percentage of Burgundy is planted with PN and Chard?

A

90%+

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17
Q

List all the grapes allowed to be planted across the AOPs of Burgundy

A

PN
Chard
Gamay
Aligoté
SB
César
Pinot Beurot
Pinot gris
Pinot banc
Sacy
Melon de Bourgogne

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18
Q

List the 7 Regional appellations of Burgundy

A
  • AOP bourgogne blanc
  • AOP bourgogne rouge
  • AOP bourgogne aligoté
  • AOP cremant de bourgogne
  • AOP bourgogne mousseux
  • AOP coteaux bourguignons
  • AOP bourgogne passe-tout-grains
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19
Q

List the sub regional AOPs of Burgundy

A
  • AOP bourgogne cote d’or
  • AOP haute cotes de nuits
  • AOP haute cotes de beaune
  • AOP macon
  • AOP macon village
  • AOP macon + village name
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20
Q

Why does AOP petit chablis tend to not achieve the same ripeness as AOP chablis and climats?

A
  • Less exposure to sun
  • Portlandian soil retains little water, sometimes need to be picked to avoid vines dying throughout summer
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21
Q

What is the only village level AOP in Burgundy t that can produce rosé?

A

AOP Marsannay

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22
Q

Which appellation near Chablis produces red wines? What grapes are used?

A

AOP Irancy - Pinot noir + up to 10% César

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23
Q

What are the 6 villages that may be added to the regional AOP Bourgogne level in Chablis?

A

Chitry
Côte Saint-Jacques
Côtes d’Auxerre
Coulanges-La-Vineuse
Épineuil
Tonnerre

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24
Q

What colour wines can be made in AOP Bourgogne Cote d’Or

A

Red and white (chard and PN)

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25
Q

What colour wines can be made in AOP Haute Cotes de Nuits

A

Red, white, rose (chard and PN)

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26
Q

How many village AOPs are there in Burgundy?

A

44

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27
Q

What is the soil difference between Petit Chablis and Chablis?

A

Petit Chablis = portlandian soil
Chablis = kimmeridgean limestone

28
Q

What are the max yields for chablis village, 1er and grand cru?

A

Chablis - 60hl/ha
1er - 58
GC - 54

29
Q

List the 7 Grand crus of Chablis

A

Preuses
Bougros
Vaudesir
Grenouilles
Valmur
Les Clos
Blanchot
(La Moutonne is unofficial 8th)

30
Q

Describe the winemaking characteristics of wines of AOP Bourgogne Cote d’Or

A
  • Min 6 months on lees for whites
  • Usually matured in stainless steel
31
Q

Describe the wines of AOP Marsannay

A
  • Red and white
  • Mainly red – PN
  • Whites, rose also allowed
    Pinot gris
    Chardonnay
    Pinot blanc
  • No grand cru, no prem cru
32
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Fixin

A
  • Mainly red
  • White also permitted – chard
  • No Grand cru, 5 prem cru
33
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Gevrey-Chambertin

A
  • Only red
  • 9 Grand cru (more than any other burgundy village)
    E.g Chambertin, Chambertin-clos-de-bèze, -Charmes Chambertin
  • 26 premier cru
  • Known for full bodied, structured wines
  • Higher proportion of clay produces stronger wines
  • Rousseau is the most famous producer
34
Q

Provide an overview of Morey Saint Denis

A
  • Red and white
  • Whites can be Chard, pinot blanc, aligote
  • Style is in between that of Gevrey and musigny
  • 5 grand cru
    e.g. Clos saint denis, clos de la roche, Clos de Tart, Bonnes-Mares
  • Domaine des lambrays, Domaine Dujac are notable producers
35
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Chambolle Musigny

A
  • Red only
  • AOP Musigny can be white too
  • More shallow soil type – producing lighter wines compared to its neighbours
  • 2 Grand Crus:
    Bonne mares (red)
    Musigny grand cru (red and white)
  • Notable producers are Vogüé and Roumier
36
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Vougeot

A
  • Red and white (chard)
  • Clos de Vougeot is 51ha grand cru
  • Domaine de la Vougeorais is the only producer making chard
  • Southern part of clos de vougeot has more pebbles (bigger), north has more clay (lighter)
  • Notable producers are Chateau de la tour, Hudelot-Noellat
37
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Vosne Romanée

A
  • Only red
  • Can be compared in style to gevrey chambertain, nuits sant georges, vougeot
  • Le Cros Parentoux (the place with a lot of pebbles) 1er cru vineyard is one to remember
  • Notable producers include DRC, Jayer, Rouget, Comte Liger-Belair
38
Q

List the 6 grand cru vineyards of Vosne Romanéee

A
  • La tâche
  • La grand rue
  • La romanée
  • Romanée conti
  • Richbourg
  • Romanée saint vivant
39
Q

Name the two grand cru vineyards of Flagey-Echezeaux

A

Echezeaux
Grands Echezeaux

40
Q

Provide an overview of Nuits Siant Georges

A
  • Pinot noir dominates
  • Some whites too
  • Appellation is divided by the town of NSG
  • No grand cru
  • 41 premier crus
  • Notable producers include Gouges, Mugneret
41
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Ladoix

A
  • Red and white (chard)
  • No grand cru
  • Some premier cru
  • Many vineyards under this appellation are also overlapped by the more famous Aloxe corton, so many better wines from the appellation are labelled as Corton
42
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Aloxe-Corton

A
  • Red and white
  • Only grand cru reds of any appellation of Beaune
  • AOP Corton grand cru is the largest grand cru in Burgundy, at 145ha
  • 24 lieux dits which can be added to Corton Grand cru, most notable are Les Bressandes, Les Perrieres, Le Clos du Roi
  • Le Charlemagne/Corton Charlemagne is the only lieu dit in the Corton appellation that is dedicated to Chard
  • Notable producers are DRC, Jadot, Coche-Dury
  • Very warm microclimate, often seeing wines up to 15%
43
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Pernand-Vergelesses

A
  • Red and white
  • No grand cru
  • Almost half of all vineyards are premier cru
    Les vergelesses
    Clos berthet
44
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Savigny-les-Beaune

A
  • Red and white
  • Immediately north of Beaune
  • No grand cru
  • Some premier cru
    Aux vergelleses
    La Dominode
45
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Chorey-les-Beaune

A
  • Red and white
  • Increasing reputation for white, although red dominates
  • No premier or grand cru vineyards
46
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Beaune

A
  • Red and white
  • PN represents 80% of volume
  • No grand cru
  • 41 Premier cru
    Les Bressandes
    Clos de Mouches
    Les Marconnets
  • Notable producers are Hospices de Beaune, Joseph Drouhin
47
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Pommard

A
  • Red only
  • Most powerful reds of the Beaune
  • No grand Cru
  • 28 premier cru
    Les Epenots
    Les Rugiens
  • Wines are more powerful towards the north of the appellation
  • Wines from the southern part that border Volnay are significantly lighter and delicate
  • Notable producers include Comte Armand, Gaunoux, Domaine de courcel
48
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Volnay

A
  • Red wine only
  • No grand cru
  • 34 premier cru (Does not include Volnay Santenots, located in Meursault and dedicated to red and white production)
    Clos des Ducs
    Clos des Chenes
  • Notable producers include d’Angerville, Muchel Lafarge
49
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Monthélie

A
  • Red and white
  • No grand cru
  • 15 prem cru
    Les Duresses
  • Pinot noir more planted to the north, chard to the south
  • Domaine des Comtes Lafon is a notable producer
50
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Auxey-Duresses

A
  • Red and white
  • More red than white
  • Wines are similar in style to nearby Volnay and Meursault
  • No grand cru
  • Some premier cru
51
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Saint Romain

A
  • Red and white
  • Located west of Auxey-Duresses, higher up towards the slopes
  • Soils are varied
  • No prem or grand cru
  • Winemakers highlight single vineyards to boost quality perception
52
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Meursault

A
  • Red and white
  • Almost exclusively white
  • No grand cru
  • Many prem cru
    Perrieres
    Charmes
    Genevrieres
  • Lieu dits at village level are considered very high quality
  • Notable producers include Romaine Roulot, Coche Dury, Francois Mikulski
53
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Blagny

A
  • Red only
  • Located between Puligny montrachet and Meursault
  • Appellation was created to cover red wines from the two nearby appellations
  • Many red wines from here are being replaced with chardonnay so that the vineyards can use the appellation of Merusault-blagny
  • No grand cru
  • 9 prem cru
  • Notable producers include Domaine leflaive, Matrot
54
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Puligny Montrachet

A
  • Red and white
  • Mostly white
  • Named after Mont rachet – meaning the mountain of nothing
  • As nothing can grow there except for vines
  • Known for a mineral influence, and firmer structure
  • 17 prem cru
    Les perrieres
    Les pucelles
  • Notable producers are domaine levlaive, chavy, Henri Boillot
55
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Saint Aubin

A
  • Red and white
  • No grand cru
  • 30 prem cru
  • Great value for money
  • AOP includes the village of Gamay, which may use the gamay grape variety
56
Q

Provide an overview of Chassagne Montrachet

A
  • Red and white
  • 18 prem cru
    Clos de la Boudriotte
    Les Chaumes
    Les Chevenottes
    Dent de Chien
  • Higher proportion of limestone than puligny
  • Tend to be fuller than puligny
  • North better suited to chardonnay, where limestone dominates
  • South more suited to pinot noir, where marl and red gravel dominates
  • Notable producers include Thomas Morey, Domaine Ramonet, Dincent Dancer, Bernard Moreau et fils
57
Q

List the 5 Grand crus of Montrachet

A

Montrachet (P + C)
Batard Montrachet (P + C)
Chevalier Montrachet (P)
Bienvenues Batard Montrachet (P)
Criots Batards Montrachet (C)

58
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Santenay

A
  • Red and white (mostly red)
  • Located at the extreme south of the limestone belt of the cote d’or
  • No grand cru
  • 12 prem cru
59
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Maranges

A
  • Red and white, mostly red
  • No grand cru
  • 7 prem cru
  • Camille Giroud is a notable producer
60
Q

Provide an overview of Cote Chalonnaise

A
  • Region stretches 38km towards the macon
  • 5 key villages:
    Bouzeron
    Rully
    Mercurey
    Givry
    Montagny
  • No grand cru vineyards
  • 4/5 villages have premier cru climats
  • Takes its name after the city Chalon Sur Saux
61
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Bouzeron

A
  • Limestone strata
  • No grand cru, no prem cru
  • Only white
  • Only Aligote
62
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Rully

A
  • Red and white
  • Chard and pinot
  • Also known for better cremant de bourgogne production
  • 23 premier cru climats
  • Finest prem cru sites are to the eastern slopes of La Montagne de la Folie
63
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Mercurey

A
  • Reds and white
  • Predominantly red
  • Limestone soils
  • 30 prem cru vineyards
  • Notable producers include Domaine Faiveley, Michel Juillot, Lorenzon
64
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Givry

A
  • Red and white
  • Mainly red
  • 38 premier cru climats
  • Best vineyards sit on limestone, south facing vineyards to the west of Givry village
  • Notable producers include Domaine Joblot, Domaine Francois Lumpp
65
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Montagny

A
  • Only village appellation of the chalonnaise dedicated exclusively to white
  • 49 prem cru vineyards
  • Tend to have more body and acidity than other wines from the chalonnaise
  • High level of limestone and warmer appellation due to it being more southern
66
Q

Provide an overview of Le Maconnais

A
  • Sparsley planted, compared to the cote d’or
  • Rolling limestone hills
  • Located between the cote d’or and the rhone valley, the area is significantly warmer than the cote d’or
  • The southern area of the macon borders Beaujolais
  • Most of the area is dedicated to regional and sub-regional appellations, towards the south are more village appellations
67
Q

Provide an overview of AOP Viré-Clessé

A
  • Chardonnay only
  • Now allows for different sweetness levels
  • Demi sec (4-8g/l RS)
  • Levrouté (8-18g/l RS)

Cordon Bleu Wine Management - Vineyards (14 decks)

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