Burgundy Flashcards
List the sub-regions of Burgundy from north to south
Chablis + grand auxxerois
Cote de nuits
Cote de beaune
Cotes chalonnaise
Mâcon
When were vines first planted in Burgundy?
1st Century AD by the Romans
When was the first written proof of vines being present in Burgundy?
312AD
How did Burgundy get its name?
From the Swiss people of the Burgundies, who created a kingdom in the 5th century
When did the Kingdom of Burgundy become part of France?
534AD
What was the first vineyard established by the Catholic Church in Burgundy?
Clos de Bèze, founded by the Abbey of Beze in 640AD
Which Abbeys established the vineyard classifications of Burgundy?
Abbey of Cluny, Abbey of Citeaux
When were gamay plantings uprooted and replaced with Pinot Noir?
1395AD, Philip the Bold orders growers to replace Gamay with PN
When was Les Hospices de Beaune established?
1452AD
Throughout which century were vineyard holdings in Burgundy transferred from the Church to individuals?
17th century
What can protect a vineyard from being split up due to Napoleonic law?
Establishing the vineyard under a trust or corporation, of which owners are shareholders
What was the first AOP of Burgundy?
Morey st Denis (1936)
When was the classification of Burgundy published, then formalized?
Published 1855, formalized 1861
How many ha are under vine in Burgundy?
29,500 ha
What are the general soil types of Chablis, Cote d’Or, Chalonnaise and the Maconnais?
Chablis - kimmeridgean limestone
Cote d’or + Chalon. - Clay and limestone
Maconnais - limestone bedrock
What percentage of Burgundy is planted with PN and Chard?
90%+
List all the grapes allowed to be planted across the AOPs of Burgundy
PN
Chard
Gamay
Aligoté
SB
César
Pinot Beurot
Pinot gris
Pinot banc
Sacy
Melon de Bourgogne
List the 7 Regional appellations of Burgundy
- AOP bourgogne blanc
- AOP bourgogne rouge
- AOP bourgogne aligoté
- AOP cremant de bourgogne
- AOP bourgogne mousseux
- AOP coteaux bourguignons
- AOP bourgogne passe-tout-grains
List the sub regional AOPs of Burgundy
- AOP bourgogne cote d’or
- AOP haute cotes de nuits
- AOP haute cotes de beaune
- AOP macon
- AOP macon village
- AOP macon + village name
Why does AOP petit chablis tend to not achieve the same ripeness as AOP chablis and climats?
- Less exposure to sun
- Portlandian soil retains little water, sometimes need to be picked to avoid vines dying throughout summer
What is the only village level AOP in Burgundy t that can produce rosé?
AOP Marsannay
Which appellation near Chablis produces red wines? What grapes are used?
AOP Irancy - Pinot noir + up to 10% César
What are the 6 villages that may be added to the regional AOP Bourgogne level in Chablis?
Chitry
Côte Saint-Jacques
Côtes d’Auxerre
Coulanges-La-Vineuse
Épineuil
Tonnerre
What colour wines can be made in AOP Bourgogne Cote d’Or
Red and white (chard and PN)
What colour wines can be made in AOP Haute Cotes de Nuits
Red, white, rose (chard and PN)
How many village AOPs are there in Burgundy?
44
What is the soil difference between Petit Chablis and Chablis?
Petit Chablis = portlandian soil
Chablis = kimmeridgean limestone
What are the max yields for chablis village, 1er and grand cru?
Chablis - 60hl/ha
1er - 58
GC - 54
List the 7 Grand crus of Chablis
Preuses
Bougros
Vaudesir
Grenouilles
Valmur
Les Clos
Blanchot
(La Moutonne is unofficial 8th)
Describe the winemaking characteristics of wines of AOP Bourgogne Cote d’Or
- Min 6 months on lees for whites
- Usually matured in stainless steel
Describe the wines of AOP Marsannay
- Red and white
- Mainly red – PN
- Whites, rose also allowed
Pinot gris
Chardonnay
Pinot blanc - No grand cru, no prem cru
Provide an overview of AOP Fixin
- Mainly red
- White also permitted – chard
- No Grand cru, 5 prem cru
Provide an overview of AOP Gevrey-Chambertin
- Only red
- 9 Grand cru (more than any other burgundy village)
E.g Chambertin, Chambertin-clos-de-bèze, -Charmes Chambertin - 26 premier cru
- Known for full bodied, structured wines
- Higher proportion of clay produces stronger wines
- Rousseau is the most famous producer
Provide an overview of Morey Saint Denis
- Red and white
- Whites can be Chard, pinot blanc, aligote
- Style is in between that of Gevrey and musigny
- 5 grand cru
e.g. Clos saint denis, clos de la roche, Clos de Tart, Bonnes-Mares - Domaine des lambrays, Domaine Dujac are notable producers
Provide an overview of AOP Chambolle Musigny
- Red only
- AOP Musigny can be white too
- More shallow soil type – producing lighter wines compared to its neighbours
- 2 Grand Crus:
Bonne mares (red)
Musigny grand cru (red and white) - Notable producers are Vogüé and Roumier
Provide an overview of AOP Vougeot
- Red and white (chard)
- Clos de Vougeot is 51ha grand cru
- Domaine de la Vougeorais is the only producer making chard
- Southern part of clos de vougeot has more pebbles (bigger), north has more clay (lighter)
- Notable producers are Chateau de la tour, Hudelot-Noellat
Provide an overview of AOP Vosne Romanée
- Only red
- Can be compared in style to gevrey chambertain, nuits sant georges, vougeot
- Le Cros Parentoux (the place with a lot of pebbles) 1er cru vineyard is one to remember
- Notable producers include DRC, Jayer, Rouget, Comte Liger-Belair
List the 6 grand cru vineyards of Vosne Romanéee
- La tâche
- La grand rue
- La romanée
- Romanée conti
- Richbourg
- Romanée saint vivant
Name the two grand cru vineyards of Flagey-Echezeaux
Echezeaux
Grands Echezeaux
Provide an overview of Nuits Siant Georges
- Pinot noir dominates
- Some whites too
- Appellation is divided by the town of NSG
- No grand cru
- 41 premier crus
- Notable producers include Gouges, Mugneret
Provide an overview of AOP Ladoix
- Red and white (chard)
- No grand cru
- Some premier cru
- Many vineyards under this appellation are also overlapped by the more famous Aloxe corton, so many better wines from the appellation are labelled as Corton
Provide an overview of AOP Aloxe-Corton
- Red and white
- Only grand cru reds of any appellation of Beaune
- AOP Corton grand cru is the largest grand cru in Burgundy, at 145ha
- 24 lieux dits which can be added to Corton Grand cru, most notable are Les Bressandes, Les Perrieres, Le Clos du Roi
- Le Charlemagne/Corton Charlemagne is the only lieu dit in the Corton appellation that is dedicated to Chard
- Notable producers are DRC, Jadot, Coche-Dury
- Very warm microclimate, often seeing wines up to 15%
Provide an overview of AOP Pernand-Vergelesses
- Red and white
- No grand cru
- Almost half of all vineyards are premier cru
Les vergelesses
Clos berthet
Provide an overview of AOP Savigny-les-Beaune
- Red and white
- Immediately north of Beaune
- No grand cru
- Some premier cru
Aux vergelleses
La Dominode
Provide an overview of AOP Chorey-les-Beaune
- Red and white
- Increasing reputation for white, although red dominates
- No premier or grand cru vineyards
Provide an overview of AOP Beaune
- Red and white
- PN represents 80% of volume
- No grand cru
- 41 Premier cru
Les Bressandes
Clos de Mouches
Les Marconnets - Notable producers are Hospices de Beaune, Joseph Drouhin
Provide an overview of AOP Pommard
- Red only
- Most powerful reds of the Beaune
- No grand Cru
- 28 premier cru
Les Epenots
Les Rugiens - Wines are more powerful towards the north of the appellation
- Wines from the southern part that border Volnay are significantly lighter and delicate
- Notable producers include Comte Armand, Gaunoux, Domaine de courcel
Provide an overview of AOP Volnay
- Red wine only
- No grand cru
- 34 premier cru (Does not include Volnay Santenots, located in Meursault and dedicated to red and white production)
Clos des Ducs
Clos des Chenes - Notable producers include d’Angerville, Muchel Lafarge
Provide an overview of AOP Monthélie
- Red and white
- No grand cru
- 15 prem cru
Les Duresses - Pinot noir more planted to the north, chard to the south
- Domaine des Comtes Lafon is a notable producer
Provide an overview of AOP Auxey-Duresses
- Red and white
- More red than white
- Wines are similar in style to nearby Volnay and Meursault
- No grand cru
- Some premier cru
Provide an overview of AOP Saint Romain
- Red and white
- Located west of Auxey-Duresses, higher up towards the slopes
- Soils are varied
- No prem or grand cru
- Winemakers highlight single vineyards to boost quality perception
Provide an overview of AOP Meursault
- Red and white
- Almost exclusively white
- No grand cru
- Many prem cru
Perrieres
Charmes
Genevrieres - Lieu dits at village level are considered very high quality
- Notable producers include Romaine Roulot, Coche Dury, Francois Mikulski
Provide an overview of AOP Blagny
- Red only
- Located between Puligny montrachet and Meursault
- Appellation was created to cover red wines from the two nearby appellations
- Many red wines from here are being replaced with chardonnay so that the vineyards can use the appellation of Merusault-blagny
- No grand cru
- 9 prem cru
- Notable producers include Domaine leflaive, Matrot
Provide an overview of AOP Puligny Montrachet
- Red and white
- Mostly white
- Named after Mont rachet – meaning the mountain of nothing
- As nothing can grow there except for vines
- Known for a mineral influence, and firmer structure
- 17 prem cru
Les perrieres
Les pucelles - Notable producers are domaine levlaive, chavy, Henri Boillot
Provide an overview of AOP Saint Aubin
- Red and white
- No grand cru
- 30 prem cru
- Great value for money
- AOP includes the village of Gamay, which may use the gamay grape variety
Provide an overview of Chassagne Montrachet
- Red and white
- 18 prem cru
Clos de la Boudriotte
Les Chaumes
Les Chevenottes
Dent de Chien - Higher proportion of limestone than puligny
- Tend to be fuller than puligny
- North better suited to chardonnay, where limestone dominates
- South more suited to pinot noir, where marl and red gravel dominates
- Notable producers include Thomas Morey, Domaine Ramonet, Dincent Dancer, Bernard Moreau et fils
List the 5 Grand crus of Montrachet
Montrachet (P + C)
Batard Montrachet (P + C)
Chevalier Montrachet (P)
Bienvenues Batard Montrachet (P)
Criots Batards Montrachet (C)
Provide an overview of AOP Santenay
- Red and white (mostly red)
- Located at the extreme south of the limestone belt of the cote d’or
- No grand cru
- 12 prem cru
Provide an overview of AOP Maranges
- Red and white, mostly red
- No grand cru
- 7 prem cru
- Camille Giroud is a notable producer
Provide an overview of Cote Chalonnaise
- Region stretches 38km towards the macon
- 5 key villages:
Bouzeron
Rully
Mercurey
Givry
Montagny - No grand cru vineyards
- 4/5 villages have premier cru climats
- Takes its name after the city Chalon Sur Saux
Provide an overview of AOP Bouzeron
- Limestone strata
- No grand cru, no prem cru
- Only white
- Only Aligote
Provide an overview of AOP Rully
- Red and white
- Chard and pinot
- Also known for better cremant de bourgogne production
- 23 premier cru climats
- Finest prem cru sites are to the eastern slopes of La Montagne de la Folie
Provide an overview of AOP Mercurey
- Reds and white
- Predominantly red
- Limestone soils
- 30 prem cru vineyards
- Notable producers include Domaine Faiveley, Michel Juillot, Lorenzon
Provide an overview of AOP Givry
- Red and white
- Mainly red
- 38 premier cru climats
- Best vineyards sit on limestone, south facing vineyards to the west of Givry village
- Notable producers include Domaine Joblot, Domaine Francois Lumpp
Provide an overview of AOP Montagny
- Only village appellation of the chalonnaise dedicated exclusively to white
- 49 prem cru vineyards
- Tend to have more body and acidity than other wines from the chalonnaise
- High level of limestone and warmer appellation due to it being more southern
Provide an overview of Le Maconnais
- Sparsley planted, compared to the cote d’or
- Rolling limestone hills
- Located between the cote d’or and the rhone valley, the area is significantly warmer than the cote d’or
- The southern area of the macon borders Beaujolais
- Most of the area is dedicated to regional and sub-regional appellations, towards the south are more village appellations
Provide an overview of AOP Viré-Clessé
- Chardonnay only
- Now allows for different sweetness levels
- Demi sec (4-8g/l RS)
- Levrouté (8-18g/l RS)
