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I&D Quiz 1 > Bug List (Quiz 1) > Flashcards

Bug List (Quiz 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Acute bacterial endocarditis (IV drug use)

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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2
Q

Scalded skin syndrome

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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3
Q

Toxic shock syndrome (superantigen)

A

Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, GAS)

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4
Q

Cocci (sphere-shaped clusters)

Golden

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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5
Q

Medical device colonization (i.e. catheters, prosthetic valves)

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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6
Q

Scarlet fever

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, GAS)

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7
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis (SpeB)

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, GAS)

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8
Q

M protein Virulence factor

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, GAS)

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9
Q

SpeA and SpeC (exotoxins)

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, GAS)

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10
Q

Baby can get from mother during delivery through vaginal canal

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B)

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11
Q

Neonatal meningitis, sepsis, pneumonia

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B)

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12
Q

Most common cause of MOPS (Meningitis, Otitis media, Pneumonia, Sinusitis)

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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13
Q

IgA protease virulence factor

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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14
Q

Produces few toxin

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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15
Q

Risk factor: wool sorter’s

A

Bacillus anthracis

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16
Q

Black, dead skin surrounded by edema

A

Bacillus anthracis

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17
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bacillus anthracis

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18
Q 
Exotoxins:
edema Factor (EF), increases cAMP
lethal factor (LF), response for necrosis/cleaves MAPK
A

Bacillus anthracis

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19
Q

Associated with reheated rice

A

Bacillus cereus

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20
Q

Pale exudate on soft palate (nerve damage, demyelination)

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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21
Q

Exotoxin A: inhibits elongation factor 2 (EF-2) to inhibit protein synthesis by ADP ribosylation; necrosis (pseudomembrane formation), similar to Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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22
Q

Culture: tellurite agare or Loeffler’s medium
Toxin assay: Elek’s test
Black colonies on cystine-tellurite agar

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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23
Q

Toxoid vaccine

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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24
Q

Acquired by patient or mother from food (containment milk/soft cheese/meat)

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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25
Q

Neonatal meningitis (3rd most common cause)

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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26
Q

Most common cause of meningitis in adults 60+ and immunocompromised patients

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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27
Q

Can grow at refrigeration temperatures

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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28
Q

Motile: actin propellers (around cells and through membranes)

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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29
Q

Risk factor: animal contact (reptile)

A

Salmonella (non-typhoidal)

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30
Q

Lower infectiousness (high inoculum, acid-labile)

A

salmonellas

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31
Q

Poultry/egg transmission

A

salmonellas

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32
Q

Type III secretion (molecular needle)

A

salmonellas and shigella

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33
Q

H2S production on TSI agar (black colonies)

A

salmonellas

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34
Q

No antibiotics typically (if any, fluroquinolones or ceftriaxone)

A

Salmonella (non-typhoidal)

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35
Q

Fecal-oral route

Developing countries with poor sanitation

A

Salmonella (typhoidal)

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36
Q

Gastroenteritis (which Salmonella)

A

Salmonella (non-typhoidal)

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37
Q

Nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea (which Salmonella)

A

Salmonella (non-typhoidal)

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38
Q

Enteric fever, rash (which Salmonella)

A

Salmonella (typhoidal)

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39
Q

High infectiousness (low inoculum, acid-stable)

A

Shigella

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40
Q

Oral-fecal transmission (unwashed hands)

A

Shigella

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41
Q

Bloody stool, HUS

42
Q

No H2S production on TSI agar

43
Q

Green colonies on hektoin agar

44
Q

MacConkey Agar (lactose negative)

A

salmonellas and shigella

45
Q

Immobile, manipulates eukaryotic cytoskeleton (primarily actin filaments) to achieve intracellular motility after invading M cells in Peyer’s patches of gastrointestinal mucosa

46
Q

Acquired from contaminated beef

A

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)

47
Q

Bloody diarrhea, HUS

A

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)

48
Q

Most common cause of UTIs

A

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)

49
Q

Neonatal meningitis (only with K antigen)

A

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)

50
Q

Damages endothelial cells in glomerulus; platelet aggregation and decreased platelet count; hemolysis

A

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)

51
Q

Shiga-like toxin: inhibits translation of 60S ribosomes

A

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)

52
Q

Doesn’t ferment sorbitol

A

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)

53
Q

Watery diarrhea (traveler’s diarrhea)

A

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)

54
Q

Newborns in developing nations at risk

A

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)

55
Q

High infectious dose (which e coli)

A

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)

56
Q

low infectious dose (which e coli)

A

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)

57
Q 
MacConkey Agar (lactose positive, pink)
Green on EMB agar
58
Q

Undercooked poultry

Unpasteurized milk

A

Campylobacter jejuni

59
Q

Guillain-Barre (ascending paralysis)

A

Campylobacter jejuni

60
Q

Invasive, can penetrate intestinal epithelium

A

Campylobacter jejuni

61
Q

Thermophilic (grows at 42ºC)

A

Helicobacter pylori

62
Q

Peptic ulcer (anorexia, vomiting, epigastric pain, belching)

A

Helicobacter pylori

63
Q

Chronic inflammation —> metaplasia and cancer

A

Helicobacter pylori

64
Q

Urease positive

A

Helicobacter pylori

65
Q

VacA, CagA toxins

A

Helicobacter pylori

66
Q

Antibiotics Cure Pylori
Amoxicillin
Clarithromycin (macrolide)
Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)

A

Helicobacter pylori

67
Q
  • Motile (flagella spins)
A

Helicobacter pylori

68
Q

Whooping cough

A

Bordetella pertussis

69
Q

Whooping cough

stage 1

A

Day 2-7, Catarrhal (low-grade fever, coryza, cold symptoms)

70
Q

Whooping cough

stage 2

A

Day 14+, Paroxysmal (episodes of spasmodic coughing, vomiting)

71
Q

Whooping cough

stage 3

A

Convalescent (gradual resolution)

72
Q

Acute epiglottis (fever, sore throat, drooling)

A

Haemophilus influenzae

73
Q

Neonatal meningitis (type B capsule)

A

Haemophilus influenzae

74
Q

Chocolate agar: requires X factor (heme) and V factor (NAD+)

A

Haemophilus influenzae

75
Q

Risk factor: smoking

A

Legionella pneumophila

76
Q

Headache, confusion

Diarrhea

A

Legionella pneumophila

77
Q

Kills macrophages and releases new bacteria (produces necrotizing pneumonia)

A

Legionella pneumophila

78
Q

Buffered charcoal yeast extract: requires cysteine and iron

A

Legionella pneumophila

79
Q

Urine antigen test

A

Legionella pneumophila

80
Q

Chlamydia pneumoniae elementary bodies

A

infectious form

81
Q

Chlamydia pneumoniae reticular bodies

A

replicating form

82
Q

Weakly gram negative

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae

83
Q

Requires silver stain

A

Legionella pneumophila

84
Q

Cell wall lacks muramic acid (peptidoglycan component)

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae

85
Q

Risk factor: military recruit (young and close quarters)

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

86
Q

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

87
Q

Not seen on gram stain (no cell wall)

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

88
Q

Interferes with ciliary actions, initiates shredding of involved mucosa

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

89
Q

IgM cold angulations cause angulation of RBCs, could lead to RBC lysis

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

90
Q

Pneumonia, currant jelly sputum

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

91
Q

Abscesses and aspiration pneumonia

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

92
Q

Risk factor: alcoholics

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

93
Q

Risk factors: CF, HIV, and diabetic patients, IV drug users, and burn victims

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

94
Q

Exotoxin A: inhibits elongation factor 2 (EF-2) to inhibit protein synthesis by ADP ribosylation; necrosis (pseudomembrane formation), similar to diphtheria toxin

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

95
Q

Blue/green pigment (pyocyanin and pyoverdin)

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

96
Q

Produces a fruity grape-like odor when plated

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

97
Q

Thrives in aquatic environments

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

98
Q

Watery, strong smelling diarrhea

A

Clostridium difficile

99
Q

Toxin A & B: disruption of cytoskeleton and intercellular tight junctions; pseudomembrane

A

Clostridium difficile

100
Q

Black colonies on cystine-tellurite agar

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

101
Q

Cholesterol in cell membrane

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

I&D Quiz 1 (8 decks)

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